Conduent Reports Third Quarter 2018 Results With Strong Adjusted EPS and EBITDA Growth; Healthier Balance Sheet Driven by Transformation and Divestitures

FLORHAM PARK, N.J., Nov. 7, 2018 /PRNewswire/ --

Key Quarterly Highlights

    --  Revenue of $1,304 million
    --  GAAP diluted EPS from continuing operations of $(1.16), down $(1.07);
        adjusted diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.28, up 27%
    --  Net Income of $(237) million; Adjusted net income of $61 million
    --  Adjusted EBITDA of $157 million, up 10%, excluding impact from ASC 606
        and divestitures
    --  Significant progress on divestiture plan, resulting in a further
        strengthened balance sheet
    --  Completed tender offer for 10.5% Senior Notes due 2024 ($476 million
        tendered)

Conduent (NYSE: CNDT), a digital interactions company, today announced its third quarter 2018 financial results.

"We made meaningful progress in our core business this past quarter. We recently signed a definitive agreement to acquire Health Solutions Plus, a leading digital Core Administration Processing System (CAPS) provider in the healthcare space. We also completed three divestitures and signed an agreement to sell a portfolio of non-core standalone customer care contracts," said Ashok Vemuri, CEO of Conduent. "With these portfolio actions, Conduent's transformation over the last two years, our robust pipeline and maturing go-to-market capability, we have created a strong foundation for future growth."

Third Quarter 2018 Results

Third quarter 2018 revenue was $1,304 million, down 11.9% compared to Q3 2017. Adjusting for the impact of the 606 accounting standard and excluding divestitures completed in Q3 2017 and 2018, revenue was down 4.0% compared with Q3 2017.

Pre-tax income was $(252) million compared to $13 million in Q3 2017. GAAP operating margin as reported was (19.3)% compared to 0.9% in Q3 2017. The company reported Q3 2018 GAAP net income of $(237) million compared to $(17) million in Q3 2017. Diluted EPS from continuing operations was ($1.16) versus ($0.09) in the same period last year, driven primarily by an impairment related to the pending stand-alone customer care divestiture, increased litigation reserves and charges associated with the tendering of the 10.5% Senior Notes.

Third quarter adjusted operating income was $104 million, with an adjusted operating margin of 8.0% as compared to adjusted operating income of $111 million, with an adjusted operating margin of 7.5% in Q3 2017. Adjusted EBITDA was $157 million, with an adjusted EBITDA margin of 12.0%, as compared to $174 million, with an adjusted EBITDA margin of 11.8% in Q3 2017. Furthering adjusting for the impact of the 606 accounting standard and excluding divestitures completed in Q3 2017 and 2018, Adjusted EBITDA improved 9.8% compared with Q3 2017.

The company reported adjusted diluted EPS from continuing operations of $0.28 compared to $0.22 in Q3 2017. Further adjusting for the impact of the 606 accounting standard and excluding divestitures completed in Q3 2017 and 2018, Adjusted EPS improved 180% compared with Q3 2017

Conduent had a use of cash flow from operations of $(30) million during the third quarter 2018 and ended the quarter with a cash balance of $586 million. Total debt was $1,577 million as of September 30, 2018.

Excluding funds that are associated with the termination of the deferred compensation plan that have been disbursed to participants in Q4 2018, Conduent ended the quarter with an adjusted cash balance of $509 million.

On July 27, 2018, the Company closed the tender offer for $476 million or 93.3% of the 10.5% Senior Notes due 2024.

Headcount of approximately 84,000 as of September 30, 2018 compared with approximately 90,000 as of December 31, 2017.

Total contract value (TCV) signings of $738 million for the quarter were down (20)% compared with Q3 2017, due to lower new business signings impacted by deal timing and slippage, and lower renewal signings opportunities.

Financial and Strategic Outlook

Conduent provided the following guidance ranges for FY 2018:


                        (in millions) 
     
              Adjusted FY 2017(3)      
     
              Prior FY 2018                Updated FY 2018
                                                                                 Guidance                       Guidance

    ---



              Revenue                                        
            $5.6B     
            $5.41 - $5.61B 
       
              $5.34 - $5.40B
    (constant
     currency)(1)


                                                  Yr/yr flat
                                                   excluding
                                          strategic actions






             Adj.
              EBITDA(2)                                      
            $598M       
            $662 - $688M   
       
              $640 - $650M


                                                                  Up 7 - 9%




             Adj. EBITDA
              Margin(2)                                               10.6%                11.8 - 12.7%                 11.9 - 12.2%




             Adj. Free
              Cash Flow(2)                                                        
            $166 - $241M   
       
              $160 - $195M


             % of Adj.
              EBITDA                                                   ~30%                   25 - 35%                     25 - 30%

    ---



               (1) Year-over-year revenue
                comparison at constant currency


               (2) Refer to Appendix for Non-GAAP
                reconciliations of adjusted EBITDA
                /margin and adjusted FCF and for
                impact from ASC 606 accounting
                change and divestitures


               (3) Adjusted for accounting 606 and
                2017 and 2018 divestitures

"Profitability continued to improve with expanding adjusted margins and strong adjusted EPS this past quarter," said Brian Webb-Walsh, CFO of Conduent. "In addition, the progress we've made on divestitures and debt pay down have led to a stronger balance sheet, which gives us flexibility for acquisitions and investment in our core business. Our updated guidance reflects recent technology and infrastructure performance issues which are being addressed, divestiture impacts, and timing and slippage of new business. However, we remain confident about the core business and expect to see it grow in 2019."

Conference Call

Management will present the results during a conference call and webcast on November 7, 2018 at 10 a.m. ET.

The call will be available by live audio webcast with the news release and online presentation slides at https://investor.conduent.com/.

The conference call will also be available by calling 877-883-0383 (international dial-in 412-902-6506) at approximately 9:45 a.m. ET. The entry number for this call is 3758954.

A recording of the conference call will be available by calling 877-344-7529, or 412-317-0088 one hour after the conference call concludes on November 7, 2018. The replay ID is 10124576.

For international calls, please select a dial-in number from:
https://services.choruscall.com/ccforms/replay.html

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About Conduent

Conduent creates digital platforms and services for businesses and governments to manage millions of interactions every day for those they serve. We are leveraging the power of cloud, mobile and IoT, combined with technologies such as automation, cognitive and blockchain to elevate every constituent interaction, driving modern digital experiences that are more efficient, helpful and satisfying.

Conduent's differentiated offerings touch millions of lives every day, including two-thirds of all insured patients in the U.S. and nearly nine million people who travel through toll systems daily. Whether it's digital payments, claims processing, benefit administration, automated tolling, customer care or distributed learning - Conduent serves a majority of the Fortune 100 companies and more than 500 government entities. Learn more at www.conduent.com.

Non-GAAP Measures

We have reported our financial results in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). In addition, we have discussed our financial results using non-GAAP measures. We believe these non-GAAP measures allow investors to better understand the trends in our business and to better understand and compare our results. Accordingly, we believe it is necessary to adjust several reported amounts, determined in accordance with GAAP, to exclude the effects of certain items as well as their related tax effects. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide an additional means of analyzing the current periods' results against the corresponding prior periods' results. These non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as a substitute for, the Company's reported results prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our non-GAAP financial measures are not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable U.S. GAAP measures and should be read only in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our management regularly uses supplemental non-GAAP financial measures internally to understand, manage and evaluate our business and make operating decisions, and providing such non-GAAP financial measures to investors allows for a further level of transparency as to how management reviews and evaluates our business results and trends. These non-GAAP measures are among the primary factors management uses in planning for and forecasting future periods. Compensation of our executives is based in part on the performance of our business based on certain non-GAAP measures. Refer to the "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" section attached to this release for a discussion of these non-GAAP measures and their reconciliation to the reported GAAP measures.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Report and any exhibits to this Report may contain "forward-looking statements" as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "will," "should" and similar expressions, as they relate to us, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements reflect management's current beliefs, assumptions and expectations and are subject to a number of factors that may cause actual results to differ materially. Such factors include, but are not limited to: termination rights contained in our government contracts; our ability to renew commercial and government contracts awarded through competitive bidding processes; our ability to recover capital and other investments in connection with our contracts; our ability to attract and retain necessary technical personnel and qualified subcontractors; our ability to deliver on our contractual obligations properly and on time; competitive pressures; our significant indebtedness; changes in interest in outsourced business process services; our ability to obtain adequate pricing for our services and to improve our cost structure; claims of infringement of third-party intellectual property rights; the failure to comply with laws relating to individually identifiable information, and personal health information and laws relating to processing certain financial transactions, including payment card transactions and debit or credit card transactions; breaches of our information systems or security systems or any service interruptions; our ability to estimate the scope of work or the costs of performance in our contracts; our ability to collect our receivables for unbilled services; a decline in revenues from or a loss or failure of significant clients; fluctuations in our non-recurring revenue; our failure to maintain a satisfactory credit rating; our ability to attract and retain key employees; increases in the cost of telephone and data services or significant interruptions in such services; our failure to develop new service offerings; our ability to receive dividends or other payments from our subsidiaries; changes in tax and other laws and regulations; changes in government regulation and economic, strategic, political and social conditions; changes in U.S. GAAP or other applicable accounting policies; and other factors that are set forth in the "Risk Factors" section, the "Legal Proceedings" section, the "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" section and other sections in our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Any forward-looking statements made by us in this report speak only as of the date on which they are made. We are under no obligation to, and expressly disclaim any obligation to, update or alter our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, subsequent events or otherwise.


                                                                                     
            
                CONDUENT INCORPORATED


                                                                 
              
              CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)




                                                           
            Three Months Ended                       
              Nine Months Ended
                                                                 September 30,                                       September 30,


                     (in millions, except per share data)  2018                          2017                      2018                              2017

    ---


       
                Revenue                                     $
              1,304                                        $
              1,480                  $
        4,111      $
         4,529


                     Cost of Services                     1,054                                     1,219                                          3,347            3,766



       
                Gross Margin                           250                                       261                                            764              763





                     Operating Costs and Expenses



       Research and development                              3                                         4                                              8               11


        Selling, general and administrative                 142                                       144                                            436              466


        Restructuring and related costs                      31                                        22                                             68               76


        Amortization of acquired intangible
         assets                                              60                                        60                                            181              182



       Interest expense                                     22                                        35                                             92              105



       Separation costs                                                                               2                                                              8


        (Gain) loss on divestitures and
         transaction costs                                   54                                      (16)                                             9             (41)


        Litigation costs (recoveries), net                   78                                         6                                            113             (14)


        (Gain) loss on extinguishment of
         debt                                               108                                                                                     108


        Other (income) expenses, net                          4                                       (9)                                             1             (10)


                     Total Operating Costs and Expenses     502                                       248                                          1,016              783





                     Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes    (252)                                       13                                          (252)            (20)


        Income tax expense (benefit)                       (15)                                       30                                             24               11


                     Income (Loss) From Continuing
                      Operations                          (237)                                     (17)                                         (276)            (31)





        Income (loss) from discontinued
         operations, net of tax                                                                                                                                      4


                     Net Income (Loss)                           $
              (237)                                        $
              (17)                 $
        (276)      $
         (27)





                     Basic Earnings (Loss) per Share:



       Continuing operations                                   $
              (1.16)                                      $
              (0.09)                $
        (1.38)    $
         (0.19)



       Discontinued operations                                                                                                                                   0.02


                     Total Basic Earnings (Loss) per
                      Share                                     $
              (1.16)                                      $
              (0.09)                $
        (1.38)    $
         (0.17)





                     Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share:



       Continuing operations                                   $
              (1.16)                                      $
              (0.09)                $
        (1.38)    $
         (0.19)



       Discontinued operations                                                                                                                                   0.02


                     Total Diluted Earnings (Loss) per
                      Share                                     $
              (1.16)                                      $
              (0.09)                $
        (1.38)    $
         (0.17)


                                                                                 
              
                CONDUENT INCORPORATED


                                                        
            
                CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)




                                                        
            Three Months Ended                        
              Nine Months Ended
                                                              September 30,                                       September 30,



       
                (in millions)                       2018                           2017                      2018                            2017

    ---

                     Net Income (Loss)                        $
              (237)                                        $
              (17)                    $
     (276)    $
        (27)


                     Other Comprehensive Income (Loss),
                      Net


        Currency translation adjustments, net             (4)                                         8                                         (27)              34


        Reclassification of currency
         translation adjustments on
         divestitures                                      36                                                                                     41


        Reclassification of divested benefit
         plans and other                                   61                                                                                     64


        Unrecognized gains (loss), net                                                                                                          (3)               2


                     Other Comprehensive Income (Loss),
                      Net                                  93                                          8                                           75               36





                     Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net         $
              (144)                                         $
              (9)                    $
     (201)       $
        9


                                                       
      
                CONDUENT INCORPORATED


                                          
              
       CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)




                     (in millions, except share data
                      in thousands)                       September 30,                                  December 31,
                                                                   2018                                           2017

    ---


       
                Assets


        Cash and cash equivalents                                           $
              586                                      $
        658


        Accounts receivable, net                                    951                                                  1,114



       Assets held for sale                                         35                                                    757



       Contract assets                                             191



       Other current assets                                        230                                                    181



       Total current assets                                      1,993                                                  2,710



        Land, buildings and equipment,
         net                                                        297                                                    257


        Intangible assets, net                                      711                                                    891



       Goodwill                                                  3,417                                                  3,366


        Other long-term assets                                      312                                                    324



                     Total Assets                                         $
              6,730                                    $
        7,548



                     Liabilities and Equity


        Current portion of long-term
         debt                                                                $
              49                                       $
        82



       Accounts payable                                            216                                                    138


        Accrued compensation and
         benefits costs                                             233                                                    335



       Unearned income                                             119                                                    151


        Liabilities held for sale                                    21                                                    169


        Other current liabilities                                   613                                                    493


        Total current liabilities                                 1,251                                                  1,368




       Long-term debt                                            1,528                                                  1,979



       Deferred taxes                                              320                                                    384


        Other long-term liabilities                                 130                                                    146


                     Total Liabilities                            3,229                                                  3,877






       Contingencies


        Series A convertible preferred
         stock                                                      142                                                    142





       Common stock                                                  2                                                      2


        Additional paid-in capital                                3,871                                                  3,850


        Retained earnings (deficit)                                (90)                                                   171


        Accumulated other comprehensive
         loss                                                     (424)                                                 (494)



                     Total Equity                                 3,359                                                  3,529



                     Total Liabilities and Equity                         $
              6,730                                    $
        7,548





        Shares of common stock issued
         and outstanding                                        211,277                                                210,440


        Shares of series A convertible
         preferred stock issued and
         outstanding                                                120                                                    120


                                                                                    
             
                CONDUENT INCORPORATED


                                                                 
              
               CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)




                                                           
             Three Months Ended                       
              Nine Months Ended
                                                                  September 30,                                      September 30,



       
                (in millions)                          2018                           2017                      2018                            2017

    ---

                     Cash Flows from Operating Activities:



       Net income (loss)                                         $
              (237)                                       $
              (17)                $
        (276)    $
        (27)


        Adjustments required to reconcile net
         income (loss) to cash flows from
         operating activities:



       Depreciation and amortization                        113                                        123                                          347             378



       Deferred income taxes                               (43)                                        24                                         (90)            (7)



       (Gain) loss from investments                                                                   (3)                                         (1)           (10)


        Amortization of debt financing costs                   1                                          3                                            9               7


        (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt                108                                                                                    108


        (Gain) loss on divestitures and
         transaction costs                                    54                                       (16)                                           9            (48)



       Stock-based compensation                              11                                          8                                           30              26


        Changes in operating assets and
         liabilities                                        (37)                                      (15)                                       (102)          (249)



       Other operating, net                                                                           (3)                                         (4)            (6)



        Net cash provided by (used in) operating
         activities                                         (30)                                       104                                           30              64



                     Cash Flows from Investing Activities:


        Cost of additions to land, buildings and
         equipment                                          (43)                                      (20)                                       (119)           (57)


        Proceeds from sale of land, buildings
         and equipment                                                                                                                              12              33


        Cost of additions to internal use
         software                                           (17)                                      (11)                                        (31)           (26)



       Proceeds from investments                                                                      117                                                         117


        Proceeds from divestitures and sale of
         assets                                              272                                         56                                          672              56



       Other investing, net                                                                           (1)                                                        (1)



        Net cash provided by (used in) investing
         activities                                          212                                        141                                          534             122



                     Cash Flows from Financing Activities:



       Proceeds on long-term debt                                                                                                                                306



       Debt issuance fee payments                                                                                                                 (3)            (9)



       Payments on debt                                   (484)                                      (79)                                       (513)          (232)



       Premium on debt redemption                          (95)                                                                                  (95)


        Net (payments to) transfer from former
         parent company                                                                                                                                         (161)


        Taxes paid for settlement of stock based
         compensation                                        (6)                                       (3)                                         (9)            (5)


        Dividends paid on preferred stock                    (2)                                       (2)                                         (7)            (7)



       Other financing                                                                                (2)                                                        (3)



        Net cash provided by (used in) financing
         activities                                        (587)                                      (86)                                       (627)          (111)



        Effect of exchange rate changes on cash,
         cash equivalents and restricted cash                (3)                                                                                   (9)              2



        Increase (decrease) in cash, cash
         equivalents and restricted cash                   (408)                                       159                                         (72)             77


        Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted
         Cash at Beginning of Period(1)                    1,003                                        334                                          667             416



                     Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted
                      Cash at End of period(2)                      $
              595                                         $
              493                  $
         595     $
         493




              
                (1)                           Includes $10
                                                            million and
                                                            $25 million
                                                            of restricted
                                                            cash as of
                                                            June 30, 2018
                                                            and 2017,
                                                            respectively
                                                            and $9
                                                            million and
                                                            $26 million
                                                            as of
                                                            December 31,
                                                            2017 and
                                                            2016,
                                                            respectively,
                                                            that were
                                                            included in
                                                            Other current
                                                            assets on the
                                                            Condensed
                                                            Consolidated
                                                            Balance
                                                            Sheets.



              
                (2)                           Includes $9
                                                            million and
                                                            $25 million
                                                            of restricted
                                                            cash as of
                                                            September 30,
                                                            2018 and
                                                            2017,
                                                            respectively,
                                                            that were
                                                            included in
                                                            Other current
                                                            assets on the
                                                            Condensed
                                                            Consolidated
                                                            Balance
                                                            Sheets.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We have reported our financial results in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In addition, we have discussed our results using non-GAAP measures.

We believe these non-GAAP measures allow investors to better understand the trends in our business and to better understand and compare our results. Accordingly, we believe it is necessary to adjust several reported amounts, determined in accordance with GAAP, to exclude the effects of certain items as well as their related tax effects. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide an additional means of analyzing the current periods' results against the corresponding prior periods' results. However, these non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as a substitute for, the Company's reported results prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our non-GAAP financial measures are not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable U.S. GAAP measures and should be read only in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our management regularly uses our supplemental non-GAAP financial measures internally to understand, manage and evaluate our business and make operating decisions, and providing such non-GAAP financial measures to investors allows for a further level of transparency as to how management reviews and evaluates our business results and trends. These non-GAAP measures are among the primary factors management uses in planning for and forecasting future periods . Compensation of our executives is based in part on the performance of our business based on certain non-GAAP measures.

A reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP are provided below.

These reconciliations also include the income tax effects for our non-GAAP performance measures in total, to the extent applicable. The income tax effects are calculated under the same accounting principles as applied to our reported pre-tax performance measures under ASC 740, which employs an annual effective tax rate method including an adjustment for estimated Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax (BEAT). The noted income tax effect for our non-GAAP performance measures is effectively the difference in income taxes for reported and adjusted pre-tax income calculated under the annual effective tax rate method. The tax effect of the non-GAAP adjustments was calculated based upon evaluation of the statutory tax treatment and the applicable statutory tax rate in the jurisdictions in which such charges were incurred.

Adjusted Net Income (Loss), Adjusted Earnings per Share and Adjusted Effective Tax Rate

We make adjustments to Income (Loss) before Income Taxes for the following items for the purpose of calculating Adjusted Net Income (Loss), Adjusted Earnings per Share and Adjusted Effective Tax Rate:

    --  Restructuring and related costs. Restructuring and related costs include
        restructuring and asset impairment charges as well as costs associated
        with our strategic transformation program.
    --  Amortization of acquired intangible assets. The amortization of acquired
        intangible assets is driven by acquisition activity, which can vary in
        size, nature and timing as compared to other companies within our
        industry and from period to period.
    --  Separation costs. Separation costs are expenses incurred in connection
        with separation from Xerox Corporation into a separate, independent,
        publicly traded company. These costs primarily relate to third-party
        investment banking, accounting, legal, consulting and other similar
        types of services related to the separation transaction as well as costs
        associated with the operational separation of the two companies.
    --  (Gain) loss on divestitures and transaction costs. Represents (gain)
        loss on divested businesses and transaction costs.
    --  Litigation costs (recoveries), net. Litigation costs (recoveries), net
        represents reserves for certain terminated contracts that are subject to
        litigation.
    --  (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt. Represents premium on debt
        extinguishment and write down of the associated unamortized discount and
        issuance costs.
    --  Other (income) expenses, net. Other (income) expenses, net includes
        currency (gains) losses, net and all other (income) expenses, net.
    --  NY MMIS charge (credit). Costs associated with the Company not fully
        completing the State of New York Health Enterprise Platform project.
    --  HE charge (credit). Costs associated with not fully completing the
        Health Enterprise Medical platform projects in California and Montana.

The Company provides adjusted net income and adjusted EPS financial measures to assist our investors in evaluating our ongoing operating performance for the current reporting period and, where provided, over different reporting periods, by adjusting for certain items which may be recurring or non-recurring and which in our view do not necessarily reflect ongoing performance. We also internally use these measures to assess our operating performance, both absolutely and in comparison to other companies, and in evaluating or making selected compensation decisions.

Management believes that adjusted effective tax rate, provided as supplemental information, facilitates a comparison by investors of our actual effective tax rate with an adjusted effective tax rate which reflects the impact of the items which are excluded in providing adjusted net income, and may provide added insight into our underlying business results and how effective tax rates impact our ongoing business.

Adjusted Revenue and Operating Income and Adjusted Operating Margin

We make adjustments to Revenue, Costs and Expenses and Operating Margin for the following items, for the purpose of calculating, Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted Operating Margin:

    --  Restructuring and related costs.
    --  Amortization of acquired intangible assets.
    --  Interest expense. Interest expense includes interest on long-term debt
        and amortization of debt issuance costs.
    --  Separation costs.
    --  (Gain) loss on divestitures and transaction costs.
    --  Litigation costs (recoveries), net.
    --  (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt.
    --  Other (income) expenses, net.
    --  NY MMIS charge (credit).
    --  HE charge (credit).
    --  ASC 606 adjustment.
    --  (Revenue) / (Income) loss from divestitures.

We provide our investors with adjusted revenue, adjusted operating income and adjusted operating margin information, as supplemental information, because we believe it offers added insight, by itself and for comparability between periods, by adjusting for certain non-cash items as well as certain other identified items which we do not believe are indicative of our ongoing business, and may also provide added insight on trends in our ongoing business.

Adjusted EBITDA and EBITDA Margin

We use Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin as an additional way of assessing certain aspects of our operations that, when viewed with the GAAP results and the accompanying reconciliations to corresponding GAAP financial measures, provide a more complete understanding of our on-going business. Adjusted EBITDA represents income (loss) before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization adjusted for the following items. Adjusted EBITDA margin is Adjusted EBITDA divided by adjusted revenue.

    --  Restructuring and related costs.
    --  Separation costs.
    --  (Gain) loss on divestitures and transaction costs.
    --  Litigation costs (recoveries), net.
    --  (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt.
    --  Other (income) expenses, net.
    --  NY MMIS charge (credit).
    --  HE charge (credit).
    --  ASC 606 adjustment.
    --  (Revenue) / (Income) loss from divestitures.

Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to represent cash flows from operations, operating income (loss) or net income (loss) as defined by U.S. GAAP as indicators of operating performances. Management cautions that amounts presented in accordance with Conduent's definition of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin may not be comparable to similar measures disclosed by other companies because not all companies calculate Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin in the same manner.

Free Cash Flow

Free Cash Flow is defined as cash flows from operating activities as reported on the consolidated statement of cash flows, less cost of additions to land, buildings and equipment, cost of additions to internal use software, tax payments related to divestitures, vendor financed capital lease additions and proceeds from sales of land, buildings and equipment. We use the non-GAAP measure of Free Cash Flow as a criterion of liquidity and performance-based components of employee compensation. We use Free Cash Flow as a measure of liquidity to determine, after principal payments on debt, amounts we can reinvest in our core businesses, such as amounts available to make acquisitions, invest in land, buildings and equipment and internal use software. In order to provide a meaningful basis for comparison, we are providing information with respect to our Free Cash Flow reconciled to cash flow provided by operating activities, which we believe to be the most directly comparable measure under U.S. GAAP.

Adjusted Free Cash Flow

Adjusted free cash flow is defined as free cash flow from above plus deferred compensation payments and transaction costs.

Adjusted Cash

Adjusted cash is defined as the cash and cash equivalents less cash from terminated deferred compensation to be paid to plan participants. We believe this provides added insight into cash and cash equivalents taking into account this particular cash obligation.

Constant Currency

To better understand trends in our business, we believe that it is helpful to adjust revenue to exclude the impact of changes in the translation of foreign currencies into U.S. Dollars. We refer to this adjusted revenue as "constant currency." Currency impact is the difference between actual growth rates and constant currency growth rates and is calculated by translating current period activity in local currency using the comparable prior period's currency translation rate.

Non-GAAP Outlook

In providing outlook for adjusted EBITDA we exclude certain items which are otherwise included in determining the comparable GAAP financial measure. A description of the adjustments which historically have been applicable in determining adjusted EBITDA are reflected in the table below. We are providing such outlook only on a non-GAAP basis because the Company is unable to predict with reasonable certainty the totality or ultimate outcome or occurrence of these adjustments for the forward-looking period, such as amortization, restructuring, separation costs, NY MMIS, HE charge, and certain other adjusted items, which can be dependent on future events that may not be reliably predicted. Based on past reported results, where one or more of these items have been applicable, such excluded items could be material, individually or in the aggregate, to reported results. We have provided and outlook for revenue on a constant currency basis due to the inability to accurately predict foreign currency impact on revenues.



       
                Net Income (Loss) and EPS Reconciliation:




                                                                                                      
              Three Months Ended


                                                                        
            September 30, 2018                                            
            September 30, 2017


                     (in millions, except earnings per
                      share)                                      Net Income                           Diluted EPS                          Net Income                     Diluted EPS
                                                               (Loss)                                                                    (Loss)

    ---

                     GAAP as Reported From Continuing
                      Operations                                             $
              (237)                                                         $
              (1.16)                  $
        (17)   $
        (0.09)


                                    Adjustments:

    ---

        Restructuring and related costs                                   31                                                                                            22


        Amortization of acquired
         intangible assets                                                60                                                                                            60



       Separation costs                                                                                                                                                2


        (Gain) loss on divestitures and
         transaction costs                                                54                                                                                          (16)


        Litigation costs (recoveries),
         net                                                              78                                                                                             6


        (Gain) loss on extinguishment of
         debt                                                            108


        Other (income) expenses, net                                       4                                                                                           (9)


        NY MMIS charge (credit)                                          (1)                                                                                            1



       HE charge (credit)                                                                                                                                            (3)


        Less: Income tax adjustments(1)                                 (36)                                                                                            2



                     Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and
                      EPS                                                       $
              61                                                            $
              0.28                    $
         48    $
          0.22



                     (GAAP shares)

    ---

        Weighted average common shares
         outstanding                                                                                           207                                                                     204


        Restricted stock and performance
         units /shares


                     Adjusted Weighted Average Shares
                      Outstanding(2)                                                                           207                                                                     204



                     (Non-GAAP shares)

    ---

        Weighted average common shares
         outstanding                                                                                           207                                                                     204


        Restricted stock and performance
         shares                                                                                                  3                                                                       3


                     Adjusted Weighted Average Shares
                      Outstanding(2)                                                                           210                                                                     207







                                                                                                      
              Three Months Ended



                                                                                             
          
               Adjusted for 606 and Divestitures


                                                                        
            September 30, 2018                                           
            September 30, 2017


                     (in millions, except earnings per
                      share)                                      Net Income                           Diluted EPS                          Net Income                     Diluted EPS
                                                               (Loss)                                                                    (Loss)

    ---

                     GAAP as Reported From Continuing
                      Operations                                             $
              (237)                                                         $
              (1.16)                  $
        (42)   $
        (0.20)


                                    Adjustments:

    ---

        Restructuring and related costs                                   31                                                                                            22


        Amortization of acquired
         intangible assets                                                60                                                                                            60



       Separation costs                                                                                                                                                2


        (Gain) loss on divestitures and
         transaction costs                                                54                                                                                          (16)


        Litigation costs (recoveries),
         net                                                              78                                                                                             6


        (Gain) loss on extinguishment of
         debt                                                            108


        Other (income) expenses, net                                       4                                                                                           (9)


        NY MMIS charge (credit)                                          (1)                                                                                            1



       HE charge (credit)                                                                                                                                            (3)


        Less: Income tax adjustments(1)                                 (36)                                                                                            2



                     Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and
                      EPS                                                       $
              61                                                            $
              0.28                    $
         23    $
          0.10



                     (GAAP shares)

    ---

        Weighted average common shares
         outstanding                                                                                           207                                                                     204


        Restricted stock and performance
         units /shares


                     Adjusted Weighted Average Shares
                      Outstanding(2)                                                                           207                                                                     204



                     (Non-GAAP shares)

    ---

        Weighted average common shares
         outstanding                                                                                           207                                                                     204


        Restricted stock and performance
         shares                                                                                                  3                                                                       3


                     Adjusted Weighted Average Shares
                      Outstanding(2)                                                                           210                                                                     207




              
                (1)                           Reflects the
                                                            income tax
                                                            (expense)
                                                            benefit of
                                                            the
                                                            adjustments.
                                                            Refer to
                                                            Effective Tax
                                                            Rate
                                                            reconciliation
                                                            below for
                                                            details.



              
                (2)                           Average shares
                                                            for the 2018
                                                            and 2017
                                                            calculation of
                                                            adjusted EPS
                                                            excludes 5
                                                            million shares
                                                            associated
                                                            with our
                                                            Series A
                                                            convertible
                                                            preferred
                                                            stock and
                                                            includes the
                                                            impact of  the
                                                            preferred
                                                            stock dividend
                                                            of $2.4
                                                            million for
                                                            both of the
                                                            three months
                                                            ended
                                                            September 30,
                                                            2018 and 2017
                                                            and $7 million
                                                            for both of
                                                            the nine
                                                            months ended
                                                            September 30,
                                                            2018 and 2017,
                                                            respectively.



       
                Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation:




                                                                    
        Three Months Ended September 30,                                    
          Three Months Ended September 30,
                                                                                                                  2018                                                                       2017


                     (in millions)                        Pre-Tax                          Income Tax             Effective                 Pre-Tax                      Income Tax              Effective
                                                     Income                           (Benefit)              Tax Rate                   Income                      (Benefit)         Tax Rate
                                                     (Loss)                            Expense                                          (Loss)                       Expense

    ---

                     GAAP as Reported From                        $
        (252)                                               $
        (15)                                          6.0                            $
      13  $
      30 230.8
                      Continuing Operations
                                                                                                                                                                                  %                                            %


        Non-GAAP adjustments(1)                               334                                         36                                                                       63                      (2)



                     Adjusted(2)                                     $
        82                                                  $
        21                                          25.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               %
                                                                                                                                                                                  %                           $
      76  $
      28  36.8




              
                (1)                           Refer to Net
                                                            Income (Loss)
                                                            reconciliation
                                                            for details of
                                                            non-GAAP
                                                            adjustments.



              
                (2)                           The tax impact
                                                            of Adjusted
                                                            Pre-tax
                                                            income (loss)
                                                            from
                                                            continuing
                                                            operations was
                                                            calculated
                                                            under the same
                                                            accounting
                                                            principles
                                                            applied to the
                                                            'As Reported'
                                                            pre-tax
                                                            income (loss),
                                                            which employs
                                                            an annual
                                                            effective tax
                                                            rate method to
                                                            the results
                                                            with an
                                                            adjustment for
                                                            the accounting
                                                            of BEAT and
                                                            without regard
                                                            to the
                                                            business
                                                            divestitures,
                                                            the State of
                                                            Texas
                                                            litigation
                                                            reserve, loss
                                                            on
                                                            extinguishment
                                                            of debt,
                                                            charges for
                                                            amortization
                                                            of intangible
                                                            assets,
                                                            restructuring
                                                            and
                                                            divestiture
                                                            related costs.



       
                Revenue and Operating Income / Margin Reconciliation:




                                                                               
            Three Months Ended September 30, 2018                                                      Three Months Ended September 30, 2017


                     (in millions)                                   Profit (Loss)                                Revenue                     Margin                      Profit (Loss)                          Revenue       Margin

    ---

                     GAAP as Reported(1)                                           $
              (252)                                                   $
              1,304                                           (19.3)                  $
       13         $
       1,480    0.9
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       %
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        %


                     Adjustments:


        Restructuring and related costs                                         31                                                                                                                22


        Amortization of acquired
         intangible assets                                                      60                                                                                                                60



       Interest expense                                                        22                                                                                                                35



       Separation costs                                                                                                                                                                          2


        (Gain) loss on divestitures and
         transaction costs                                                      54                                                                                                              (16)


        Litigation costs (recoveries),
         net                                                                    78                                                                                                                 6


        (Gain) loss on extinguishment of
         debt                                                                  108


        Other (income) expenses, net                                             4                                                                                                               (9)


        NY MMIS charge (credit)                                                (1)                                                                                                                1



       HE charge (credit)                                                                                                                                                                      (3)



                     Adjusted Operating Income/Margin                                $
              104                                                    $
              1,304                                              8.0                  $
       111         $
       1,480    7.5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       %
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        %







                                                                               
            Three Months Ended September 30, 2018                                                      Three Months Ended September 30, 2017

                                                                                                                                         ---                                                   ---

                                                                                                                  
              
           Adjusted for 606 and Divestitures


                     (in millions)                                   Profit (Loss)                                Revenue                     Margin                      Profit (Loss)                          Revenue       Margin

    ---

                     GAAP as Reported(1)                                           $
              (252)                                                   $
              1,304                                           (19.3)                  $
       13         $
       1,480    0.9
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       %
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        %


                     Adjustments:


        Restructuring and related costs                                         31                                                                                                                22


        Amortization of acquired
         intangible assets                                                      60                                                                                                                60



       Interest expense                                                        22                                                                                                                35



       Separation costs                                                                                                                                                                          2


        (Gain) loss on divestitures and
         transaction costs                                                      54                                                                                                              (16)


        Litigation costs (recoveries),
         net                                                                    78                                                                                                                 6


        (Gain) loss on extinguishment of
         debt                                                                  108


        Other (income) expenses, net                                             4                                                                                                               (9)


        NY MMIS charge (credit)                                                (1)                                                                                                                1



       HE charge (credit)                                                                                                                                                                      (3)



       ASC 606 adjustment                                                                                                                                                                                           (2)              (39)



       2017 divestitures                                                                                                                                                                                            (2)              (14)


                     Operating Income Adjusted for 606                         104                                             1,304                                                  8.0                                  107                  1,427   7.5
                      and 2017 Divestitures                                                                                                                                           %
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      %



       2018 divestitures                                                                                                                                                                                           (27)              (69)


                     Adjusted Operating Income/Margin                                $
              104                                                    $
              1,304                                              8.0                   $
       80         $
       1,358    5.9
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       %
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        %



                                                          Pre-Tax
                                                            Income (Loss)
                                                            and revenue
                                                            from
                                                            continuing

              
                (1)                            operations.



       
                Adjusted EBITDA / Margin Reconciliation:




                                                                Three Months Ended September 30,



       (in millions)                                          2018                               2017


                     GAAP Revenue As Reported                         $
              1,304                              $
       1,480



                     Reconciliation to Adjusted EBITDA

    ---

                     GAAP Net Income (Loss) from
                      Continuing Operations                   (237)                                            (17)



       Interest expense                                         22                                               35


        Income tax expense (benefit)                           (15)                                              30


        Segment depreciation and
         amortization                                            53                                               63


        Amortization of acquired
         intangible assets                                       60                                               60



       
                EBITDA                                   (117)                                             171



                     EBITDA Margin                            (9.0)                                            11.6

                                                                  %                                               %



       
                EBITDA                                           $
              (117)                               $
       171


                     Adjustments:

    ---

        Restructuring and related costs                          31                                               22



       Separation costs                                                                                          2


        (Gain) loss on divestitures and
         transaction costs                                       54                                             (16)


        Litigation costs (recoveries),
         net                                                     78                                                6


        (Gain) loss on extinguishment of
         debt                                                   108


        Other (income) expenses, net                              4                                              (9)


        NY MMIS charge (credit)                                 (1)                                               1



       HE charge (credit)                                                                                      (3)


                     Adjusted EBITDA                                    $
              157                                $
       174



                                    Adjusted EBITDA Margin     12.0                                             11.8

                                                                  %                                               %






                                                                Three Months Ended September 30,



       (in millions)                                          2018                               2017



                                                                             Adjusted for 606 and Divestitures


                     GAAP Revenue As Reported                         $
              1,304                              $
       1,480



       ASC 606 adjustment                                                                                     (39)



       2017 divestitures                                                                                      (14)


                     Revenue Adjusted for 606 and 2017
                      Divestitures                            1,304                                            1,427



       2018 divestitures                                                                                      (69)


                     Adjusted Revenue                                 $
              1,304                              $
       1,358



                     Reconciliation to Adjusted EBITDA

    ---

                     GAAP Net Income (Loss) from
                      Continuing Operations                   (237)                                            (17)



       Interest expense                                         22                                               35


        Income tax expense (benefit)                           (15)                                              30


        Segment depreciation and
         amortization                                            53                                               63


        Amortization of acquired
         intangible assets                                       60                                               60



       ASC 606 adjustment                                                                                      (2)



       2017 divestitures                                                                                       (2)


        2017 divestitures depreciation
         and amortization


                     EBITDA Adjusted for 606 and 2017
                      Divestitures                            (117)                                             167



       2018 divestitures                                                                                      (27)


        2018 divestitures depreciation
         and amortization



       
                EBITDA                                   (117)                                             140



                     EBITDA Margin                            (9.0)                                            10.3

                                                                  %                                               %



       
                EBITDA                                           $
              (117)                               $
       140


                     Adjustments:

    ---

        Restructuring and related costs                          31                                               22



       Separation costs                                                                                          2


        (Gain) loss on divestitures and
         transaction costs                                       54                                             (16)


        Litigation costs (recoveries),
         net                                                     78                                                6


        (Gain) loss on extinguishment of
         debt                                                   108


        Other (income) expenses, net                              4                                              (9)


        NY MMIS charge (credit)                                 (1)                                               1



       HE charge (credit)                                                                                      (3)


                     Adjusted EBITDA                                    $
              157                                $
       143



                                    Adjusted EBITDA Margin     12.0                                             10.5

                                                                  %                                               %



     
                Free Cash Flow Reconciliation:




                                                         Three Months Ended September 30,



     (in millions)                               2018                                    2017




     Operating Cash Flow                                           $
              (30)                    $
     104


      Cost of additions to land,
       buildings and equipment                    (43)                                         (20)


      Proceeds from sales of land,
       buildings and equipment


      Cost of additions to internal
       use software                               (17)                                         (11)


      Tax payment related to
       divestitures                                 30


      Vendor financed capital leases


                   Free Cash Flow                      $
              
                (60)                 $
     
       73




     Free Cash Flow                                   $
              
                (60)                 $
     
       73



     Transaction costs                             15


      Deferred compensation payments
       and adjustments                              13                                             7


                   Adjusted Free Cash Flow             $
              
                (32)                 $
     
       80



     
                Cash / Adjusted Cash Reconciliation:





     (in millions)                                     As of September 30, 2018            As of December 31, 2017



      Cash and cash equivalents                                                      $
     586                                    $
     658


      Deferred compensation payments
       and adjustments                                                        22                                        17


      Deferred compensation payable                                         (99)                                    (116)


                   Adjusted cash and cash
                    equivalents                                                  $
     
       509                                $
     
       559

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SOURCE Conduent Incorporated