Nielsen Reports 2nd Quarter 2019 Results

NEW YORK, July 31, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- Today, Nielsen Holdings plc (NYSE: NLSN) announced its second quarter 2019 results and reaffirmed revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, and free cash flow guidance for 2019. The company also raised adjusted EPS guidance to $1.70-1.80 from $1.63-1.77 previously.

David Kenny, Chief Executive Officer, commented, "Nielsen has evolved significantly over the past year. Our second quarter results were once again slightly ahead of our expectations. We continue to make progress on our transformation into a product driven technology company, making faster, bolder decisions that enhance value for our clients. We were pleased with revenue trends in both Media and Connect and have also demonstrated progress in moving towards a modern architecture, highlighted by the successful transition of our National TV measurement processing to the cloud. We have aligned our organization around two industry-leading businesses serving the media and fast moving consumer goods industries that are capable of greater profitability, higher cash flow conversion, and delivering strong shareholder value."

Kenny continued, "The strategic review continues and the Board is focused on completing the process by the third quarter earnings release. We will discuss the outcome and go-forward plan at the conclusion of the process. In addition, we remain focused on executing on our growth strategies and positioning the company to maximize value for all of our shareholders."

Second Quarter 2019 Results

    --  2nd quarter revenues were $1,628 million, down 1.2% reported, or up 1.2%
        on a constant currency basis, compared to the prior year.
    --  Nielsen Global Media revenues increased 1.1% to $856 million, or 2.0% on
        a constant currency basis, compared to the prior year.
        --  Audience Measurement revenues increased 3.5%, or 4.2% on a constant
            currency basis, primarily due to continued client adoption of our
            Total Audience Measurement system, partly offset by pressure in
            local television measurement.
        --  Plan/Optimize revenues decreased 4.9%, or a decrease of 3.3% on a
            constant currency basis primarily driven by historical data sales
            related to a product category exit and pressure in Telecom,
            partially offset by a recent acquisition.
    --  Nielsen Global Connect revenues decreased 3.5% to $772 million, or an
        increase of 0.4% on a constant currency basis.
        --  Measure revenues decreased 2.5%, or an increase of 1.7% on a
            constant currency basis, reflecting strong performance in retail
            measurement services and improved trends in Emerging Markets.
        --  Predict/Activate revenues decreased 5.8%, or 2.6% on a constant
            currency basis, reflecting continued softness in areas such as
            innovation and custom analytics.
    --  Net income increased 70.8% to $123 million, or 83.6% on a constant
        currency basis, compared to $72 million in the prior year, due to lower
        restructuring charges and lower tax expense, partially offset by higher
        depreciation and amortization.
    --  Net income per share on a diluted basis was $0.34 per share, compared to
        $0.20 per share in the prior year.
    --  Adjusted earnings per share was $0.53 per share, compared to $0.47 per
        share in the prior year, driven by higher operating profit and a lower
        effective tax rate.
    --  Adjusted EBITDA increased 0.4% to $470 million, or 2.0% on a constant
        currency basis, compared to the prior year.
    --  Adjusted EBITDA margin increased 45 basis points to 28.9%, or 20 basis
        points on a constant currency basis compared to the prior year, as
        productivity initiatives were partially offset by investments in growth
        initiatives.

Financial Position

    --  As of June 30, 2019, Nielsen's cash and cash equivalents were $393
        million and gross debt was $8,645 million.
    --  Net debt (gross debt less cash and cash equivalents) was $8,252 million
        and Nielsen's net debt leverage ratio was 4.48x at the end of the
        quarter.
    --  Cash flow from operations decreased to $226 million for the second
        quarter of 2019, from $242 million in the prior year. Cash flow
        performance was primarily driven by working capital timing, partially
        offset by lower interest, restructuring and tax payments.
    --  Cash taxes were $76 million for the second quarter of 2019, compared to
        $79 million in the prior year.
    --  Net capital expenditures were $108 million for the second quarter of
        2019, compared to $118 million in the prior year.
    --  Free cash flow for the second quarter of 2019 decreased to $118 million,
        compared to $124 million in the prior year.

Capital Allocation

Nielsen did not repurchase ordinary shares during the second quarter of 2019. The company has a total of $228 million remaining for repurchases under the existing share repurchase program as of June 30, 2019.

On July 18, 2019, our Board of Directors approved our quarterly cash dividend of $0.35 per common share. The dividend is payable on September 5, 2019 to shareholders of record at the close of business on August 22, 2019.

2019 Full Year Guidance

The company is reiterating 2019 Revenue, Adj. EBITDA, and Free Cash Flow guidance and raising Adj. EPS guidance as highlighted below.

    --  Total revenue growth on a constant currency basis: Flat to +1.5%
    --  Adjusted EBITDA margin: 28 - 29%
    --  Adjusted EBITDA: $1,800 - $1,900 million
    --  Adjusted earnings per share: $1.70 - $1.80 (previously $1.63 - $1.77)
    --  Free cash flow: $525 - $575 million

2019 Guidance Non-GAAP Reconciliations

The below table presents a reconciliation from forecasted revenue to revenue on a constant currency basis for our 2019 guidance:


                (IN
                MILLIONS) 2019 Guidance          
      
      % Variance              2018 Revenue

                                                  
      
      Constant                 Constant

                                                  
      
      Currency                 Currency

    ---

        Total
        Revenue              
            $ 
     ~6,485                  Flat to 1.5%              $
     6,435

The below table presents a reconciliation from Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA for our 2019 guidance:


                     (IN MILLIONS)

    ---


       
                Net income            
          $280 - $340



       Interest expense, net                
           ~400


        Provision for income taxes           
           ~125


        Depreciation and amortization        
           ~750



       Restructuring charges                
           ~150


        Share-based compensation expense
         and Other                           
           ~120



                     Adjusted EBITDA     
         $1,800 - 1,900

The below table presents a reconciliation from Net Income Attributable to Nielsen Shareholders to Adjusted Net Income to calculate Adjusted Earnings per Share (diluted) for our 2019 guidance:


                     (IN MILLIONS
                      EXCEPT PER SHARE
                      AMOUNTS)

    ---

                     Net income
                      attributable to
                      Nielsen
                      shareholders                         
       $270 - $320


        Depreciation and
         amortization
         associated with                                     
         ~200

           acquisition-
            related tangible
            and intangible
            assets


        Restructuring
         charges                                             
         ~150


        Share-based
         compensation
         expense and
         Other                                               
         ~120


        Tax effect of
         above items                       
         ~(140)



                     Adjusted
                      earnings           
         $605 - $640



                     Adjusted
                      earnings per
                      share            
         $1.70 - $1.80

The below table presents a reconciliation from Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities to Free Cash Flow for our 2019 guidance:


                     (IN MILLIONS)

    ---

        Net cash provided by operating
         activities                     
        $1,055 - $1,105


        Less: Capital expenditures, net    
          ~(530)




       Free cash flow                    
          $525 - $575

Conference Call and Webcast

Nielsen will hold a conference call to discuss today's announcements at 8:00 a.m. U.S. Eastern Time (ET) on July 31, 2019. The audio and slides for the call can be accessed live by webcast at http://nielsen.com/investors or by dialing +1-833-236-2755. Callers outside the U.S. can dial +1-647-689-4180. The passcode for the call is "9947836." An audio replay and transcript will be available on the investor relations website after the call.

Forward-looking Statements

This news release includes information that could constitute forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provision of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include those set forth above relating to the expected completion of our strategic review and those set forth above under "2019 Full Year Guidance," as well as those that may be identified by words such as "will," "intend," "expect," "anticipate," "should," "could" and similar expressions. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, and actual results and events could differ materially from what presently is expected. Factors leading thereto may include, without limitation, our review of strategic alternatives, general economic conditions, conditions in the markets Nielsen is engaged in, behavior of customers, suppliers and competitors, technological developments, as well as legal and regulatory rules affecting Nielsen's business and other specific risk factors that are outlined in our disclosure filings and materials, which you can find on http://www.nielsen.com/investors, such as our 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K reports that have been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Please consult these documents for a more complete understanding of these risks and uncertainties. This list of factors is not intended to be exhaustive. Such forward-looking statements only speak as of the date of this press release, and we assume no obligation to update any written or oral forward-looking statement made by us or on our behalf as a result of new information, future events, or other factors, except as required by law.

About Nielsen

Nielsen Holdings plc (NYSE: NLSN) is a global measurement and data analytics company that provides the most complete and trusted view available of consumers and markets worldwide. Our approach marries proprietary Nielsen data with other data sources to help clients around the world understand what's happening now, what's happening next, and how to best act on this knowledge. For more than 90 years Nielsen has provided data and analytics based on scientific rigor and innovation, continually developing new ways to answer the most important questions facing the media, advertising, retail and fast-moving consumer goods industries. An S&P 500 company, Nielsen has operations in over 100 countries, covering more than 90% of the world's population. For more information, visit www.nielsen.com.

From time to time, Nielsen may use its website and social media outlets as channels of distribution of material company information. Financial and other material information regarding the company is routinely posted and accessible on our website at http://www.nielsen.com/investors and our Twitter account at http://twitter.com/Nielsen.

Results of Operations--(Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018)

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the amounts included in our condensed consolidated statements of operations:


                                                                                
            
               Three Months Ended                          
         
     Six Months Ended
                                                                                                               June 30,                                           June 30,
                                                                                                              (Unaudited)                                        (Unaudited)



           
                (IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)           2019                                    2018                     2019                              2018




           Revenues                                                                   $
             1,628                        $
              1,647                        $
             3,191  $
             3,257




           Cost of revenues                                                                        699                                      698                                   1,394             1,417



           Selling, general and administrative expenses                                            483                                      494                                     963               987



           Depreciation and amortization (1)                                                       185                                      162                                     364               329



           Restructuring charges                                                                    12                                       65                                      47                89




           Operating income                                                                        249                                      228                                     423               435




           Interest income                                                                           1                                        2                                       3                 4



           Interest expense                                                                      (100)                                   (100)                                  (199)            (196)



           Foreign currency exchange transaction losses, net                                       (1)                                     (4)                                    (4)              (4)



           Other income/(expense), net                                                                                                     (5)                                      5               (4)




           Income from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in                     149                                      121                                     228               235
      net loss of affiliates



           Provision for income taxes                                                             (23)                                    (44)                                   (55)             (83)



           Equity in net loss of affiliates                                                                                                (1)                                                     (1)




           Net income                                                                              126                                       76                                     173               151



           Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests                                       3                                        4                                       7                 7




           Net income attributable to Nielsen shareholders                              $
             123                           $
              72                          $
             166    $
             144




           Net income per share of common stock, basic



           Net income attributable to Nielsen shareholders                             $
             0.35                         $
              0.20                         $
             0.47   $
             0.40



           Net income per share of common stock, diluted



           Net income attributable to Nielsen shareholders                             $
             0.34                         $
              0.20                         $
             0.47   $
             0.40



           Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding, basic                      355,630,327                              355,773,490                             355,539,038       356,115,127



           Dilutive shares of common stock                                                     997,381                                  602,670                                 954,854           707,962




           Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding, diluted                    356,627,708                              356,376,160                             356,493,892       356,823,089




              (1)              Depreciation and amortization
                                  associated with tangible and
                                  intangible assets acquired in
                                  business combinations were $53
                                  million and $107 million,
                                  respectively, for the three and
                                  six months ended June 30, 2019
                                  and $56 million and $112
                                  million, respectively, for the
                                  three and six months ended June
                                  30, 2018.

Certain Non-GAAP Measures

We use the non-GAAP financial measures discussed below to evaluate our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and indebtedness. We believe that the presentation of these non-GAAP measures provides useful information to investors regarding financial and business trends related to our results of operations, cash flows and indebtedness and that when this non-GAAP financial information is viewed with our GAAP financial information, investors are provided with valuable supplemental information regarding our results of operations, thereby facilitating period-to-period comparisons of our business performance and is consistent with how management evaluates the company's operating performance and liquidity. In addition, these non-GAAP measures address questions the Company routinely receives from analysts and investors and, in order to assure that all investors have access to similar data the Company has determined that it is appropriate to make this data available to all investors. None of the non-GAAP measures presented should be considered as an alternative to net income or loss, operating income or loss, cash flows from operating activities, total indebtedness or any other measures of operating performance and financial condition, liquidity or indebtedness derived in accordance with GAAP. These non-GAAP measures have important limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation or as substitutes for an analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Our use of these terms may vary from the use of similarly-titled measures by others in our industry due to the potential inconsistencies in the method of calculation and differences due to items subject to interpretation.

Constant Currency Presentation

We evaluate our results of operations on both an as reported and a constant currency basis. The constant currency presentation, which is a non-GAAP measure, excludes the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. We believe providing constant currency information provides valuable supplemental information regarding our results of operations, thereby facilitating period-to-period comparisons of our business performance and is consistent with how management evaluates the Company's performance. We calculate constant currency percentages by converting our prior-period local currency financial results using the current period exchange rates and comparing these adjusted amounts to our current period reported results. No adjustment has been made to foreign currency exchange transaction gains or losses in the calculation of constant currency net income.

Organic Constant Currency Presentation

We define organic constant currency revenue as constant currency revenue excluding the net effect of business acquisitions and divestitures over the past twelve months. Refer to the Constant Currency Presentation section above for the definition of constant currency. We believe that this measure is useful to investors and management in understanding our ongoing operations and in analysis of ongoing operating trends.

The below table presents a reconciliation from revenue on a reported basis to revenue on a constant currency basis and organic constant currency basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.


                            (IN MILLIONS)
                             (UNAUDITED)      Three                         Three                        % Variance      Three        % Variance                           Three                  Three                 % Variance

                                          Months Ended                  Months Ended                   2019 vs. 2018 Months Ended   2019 vs. 2018                      Months Ended           Months Ended            2019 vs. 2018

                                            June 30,                      June 30,                        Reported     June 30,        Constant                          June 30,               June 30,                 Organic

                                                  2019                           2018                                          2018       Currency                                2019                    2018                Constant

                                            Reported                      Reported                                     Constant                                           Organic                Organic                 Currency

                                                                                                                       Currency                                                                 Constant

                                                                                                                                                                                                Currency

    ---



                            Revenues by
     segment



              Measure                                         $
       546                       $
       560                        (2.5)                         $
        537                    1.7                            $
              546           $
        537      1.7
                                                                                                                                %                                                       %                                                                    %


               Predict/Activate                                     226                            240                        (5.8)                               232                  (2.6)                                       223                 229    (2.6)
                                                                                                                                %                                                       %                                                                    %



                            Connect                      $
       
         772                 $
       
         800                        (3.5)                  $
        
          769                    0.4                     $
        
                769    $
        
          766      0.4

                                                                                                                                %                                                       %                                                                    %






              Audience                                        $
       622                       $
       601                          3.5                          $
        597                    4.2                            $
              620           $
        597      3.9
                                                                                                                                %                                                       %                                                                    %
       Measurement


               Plan/Optimize                                        234                            246                        (4.9)                               242                  (3.3)                                       227                 242    (6.2)
                                                                                                                                %                                                       %                                                                    %



                            Media                        $
       
         856                 $
       
         847                          1.1                   $
        
          839                    2.0                     $
        
                847    $
        
          839      1.0

                                                                                                                                %                                                       %                                                                    %



                            Total                      $
       
         1,628               $
       
         1,647                        (1.2)                $
        
          1,608                    1.2                   $
        
                1,616  $
        
          1,605      0.7

                                                                                                                                %                                                       %                                                                    %


                            (IN MILLIONS)
                             (UNAUDITED)       Six                       Six                     % Variance       Six         % Variance                        Six                    Six                  % Variance

                                          Months Ended              Months Ended               2019 vs. 2018 Months Ended   2019 vs. 2018                  Months Ended           Months Ended            2019 vs. 2018

                                            June 30,                  June 30,                    Reported      June 30        Constant                      June 30,               June 30,                 Organic

                                                  2019                       2018                                      2018       Currency                            2019                    2018                Constant

                                            Reported                  Reported                                 Constant                                       Organic                Organic                 Currency

                                                                                                               Currency                                                             Constant

                                                                                                                                                                                    Currency

    ---



                            Revenues by
     segment



              Measure                                     $
     1,085                   $
     1,123                        (3.4)                     $
      1,067                    1.7                          $
              1,084         $
       1,067      1.6
                                                                                                                        %                                                   %                                                                   %


               Predict/Activate                                 424                        463                        (8.4)                           444                  (4.5)                                       419                438    (4.3)
                                                                                                                        %                                                   %                                                                   %



                            Connect                    $
     
       1,509               $
     
       1,586                        (4.9)                $
      
        1,511                  (0.1)                   $
       
                1,503   $
       
         1,505    (0.1)

                                                                                                                        %                                                   %                                                                   %






              Audience                                    $
     1,227                   $
     1,197                          2.5                      $
      1,189                    3.2                          $
              1,224         $
       1,189      2.9
                                                                                                                        %                                                   %                                                                   %
       Measurement


               Plan/Optimize                                    455                        474                        (4.0)                           465                  (2.2)                                       441                465    (5.2)
                                                                                                                        %                                                   %                                                                   %



                            Media                      $
     
       1,682               $
     
       1,671                          0.7                 $
      
        1,654                    1.7                    $
       
                1,665   $
       
         1,654      0.7

                                                                                                                        %                                                   %                                                                   %



                            Total                      $
     
       3,191               $
     
       3,257                        (2.0)                $
      
        3,165                    0.8                    $
       
                3,168   $
       
         3,159      0.3

                                                                                                                        %                                                   %                                                                   %

The below table presents a reconciliation of Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA on a reported basis to a constant currency basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.



             
                (IN MILLIONS) (UNAUDITED)              Three                     Three                       % Variance               Three                % Variance
                                                     Months Ended              Months Ended                2019 vs. 2018           Months  Ended         2019 vs. 2018
                                                       June 30,                  June 30,                    Reported                June 30,               Constant
                                                                   2019                       2018                                                  2018       Currency
                                                       Reported                  Reported                                            Constant
                                                                                                                                     Currency

    ---


             Net Income attributable to Nielsen                        $
     123                      $
      72                                          70.8                          $
      67  83.6
                                                                                                                                                     %                                   %
        Shareholders





             Adjusted EBITDA                                           $
     470                     $
      468                                           0.4                         $
      461   2.0
                                                                                                                                                     %                                   %



             
                (IN MILLIONS) (UNAUDITED)               Six                     Six                      % Variance               Six                % Variance
                                                     Months Ended             Months Ended             2019 vs. 2018           Months  Ended       2019 vs. 2018
                                                       June 30,                June 30,                  Reported                June 30,             Constant
                                                                  2019                     2018                                               2018       Currency
                                                       Reported                Reported                                          Constant
                                                                                                                                 Currency

    ---


             Net Income attributable to Nielsen                       $
     166                   $
     144                                        15.3                          $
      132  25.8
                                                                                                                                               %                                    %
        Shareholders





             Adjusted EBITDA                                          $
     885                   $
     891                                       (0.7)                         $
      874   1.3
                                                                                                                                               %                                    %

Adjusted EBITDA

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income or loss from our consolidated statements of operations before interest income and expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, restructuring charges, impairment of goodwill and other long-lived assets, share-based compensation expense and other non-operating items from our consolidated statements of operations, as well as certain other items that arise outside the ordinary course of our continuing operations specifically described below.

Restructuring charges: We exclude restructuring expenses, which primarily include employee severance, office consolidation and contract termination charges, from our Adjusted EBITDA to allow more accurate comparisons of the financial results to historical operations and forward-looking guidance. By excluding these expenses from our non-GAAP measures, management is better able to evaluate our ability to utilize our existing assets and estimate the long-term value these assets will generate for us. Furthermore, we believe that the adjustments of these items more closely correlate with the sustainability of our operating performance.

Impairment of goodwill and other long-lived assets: We exclude the impact of charges related to the impairment of goodwill and other long-lived assets. We believe that the exclusion of these impairments, which are non-cash, allows for more meaningful comparisons of operating results to peer companies. We believe that this increases period-to-period comparability and is useful to evaluate the performance of the total company.

Share-based compensation expense: We exclude the impact of costs relating to share-based compensation. Due to the subjective assumptions and a variety of award types, we believe that the exclusion of share-based compensation expense, which is typically non-cash, allows for more meaningful comparisons of operating results to peer companies. Share-based compensation expense can vary significantly based on the timing, size and nature of awards granted.

Other non-operating expenses, net: We exclude foreign currency exchange transaction gains and losses primarily related to intercompany financing arrangements as well as other non-operating income and expense items, such as, gains and losses recorded on business combinations or dispositions, sales of investments, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and early redemption payments made in connection with debt refinancing. We believe that the adjustments of these items more closely correlate with the sustainability of our operating performance.

Other items: To measure operating performance, we exclude certain expenses and gains that arise outside the ordinary course of our continuing operations. Such costs primarily include legal settlements, acquisition related expenses, business optimization costs and other transaction costs. We believe the exclusion of such amounts allows management and the users of the financial statements to better understand our financial results.

Adjusted EBITDA is not a presentation made in accordance with GAAP, and our use of the term Adjusted EBITDA may vary from the use of similarly-titled measures by others in our industry due to the potential inconsistencies in the method of calculation and differences due to items subject to interpretation. Adjusted EBITDA margin is Adjusted EBITDA for a particular period expressed as a percentage of revenues for that period.

We use Adjusted EBITDA to measure our performance from period to period both at the consolidated level as well as within our operating segments, to evaluate and fund incentive compensation programs and to compare our results to those of our competitors. In addition to Adjusted EBITDA being a significant measure of performance for management purposes, we also believe that this presentation provides useful information to investors regarding financial and business trends related to our results of operations and that when non-GAAP financial information is viewed with GAAP financial information, investors are provided with a more meaningful understanding of our ongoing operating performance.

Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net income or loss, operating income, cash flows from operating activities or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP as measures of operating performance or cash flows as measures of liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA has important limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP.

Adjusted Earnings per Share

We define Adjusted Earnings per Share as net income attributable to Nielsen shareholders per share (diluted) from continuing operations from our consolidated statements of operations, excluding depreciation and amortization associated with acquired tangible and intangible assets, restructuring charges, impairment of goodwill and other long-lived assets, share-based compensation expense, other non-operating items from our consolidated statements of operations and certain other items considered unusual or non-recurring in nature, adjusted for income taxes related to these items. Management believes that this non-GAAP measure is useful in providing period-to-period comparisons of the results of the Company's ongoing operating performance.

The below table presents reconciliations from net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:


                                                                             Three Months Ended                    Six Months Ended
                                                                                        June 30,                               June 30,
                                                                                        (Unaudited)                               (Unaudited)



       
                (IN MILLIONS)                                   2019                        2018         2019                            2018

    ---


       
                Net income attributable to Nielsen shareholders      $
     123                       $
      72                             $
      166  $
     144



       Interest expense, net                                                 99                           98                                 196     192



       Provision for income taxes                                            23                           44                                  55      83



       Depreciation and amortization                                        185                          162                                 364     329




       EBITDA                                                               430                          376                                 781     748



       Equity in net loss of affiliates                                                                   1                                          1



       Other non-operating expense, net                                       4                           13                                   6      15



       Restructuring charges                                                 12                           65                                  47      89



       Share-based compensation expense                                      11                            7                                  26      20



       Other items (a)                                                       13                            6                                  25      18




       
                Adjusted EBITDA                                      $
     470                      $
      468                             $
      885  $
     891




              (a)                Other items primarily consist
                                   of business optimization
                                   costs, including strategic
                                   review costs, and transaction
                                   related costs for the three
                                   and six months ended June 30,
                                   2019. For the three months
                                   ended June 30, 2018, other
                                   items primarily consist of
                                   transaction related costs.
                                   For the six months ended June
                                   30, 2018, other items
                                   primarily consist of
                                   transaction related costs and
                                   business optimization costs.

The below table presents reconciliations from diluted net income per share to Adjusted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:


                                                                                                  Three Months Ended               Six Months Ended
                                                                                                             June 30,                       June 30,
                                                                                                           (Unaudited)                     (Unaudited)



             
                (IN MILLIONS)                                                2019                           2018                      2019            2018

    ---


             
                Net income attributable to Nielsen shareholders per share of      $
     
               0.34            $
     
        0.20               $
     
         0.47  $
     
          0.40
        common stock, diluted



             Depreciation and amortization associated with acquisition-related                             0.15                    0.16                        0.30            0.31
        tangible and intangible assets



             Restructuring                                                                                 0.03                    0.18                        0.13            0.25



             Share-based compensation                                                                      0.03                    0.02                        0.07            0.06



             Other non-operating (income)/expense, net                                                     0.00                    0.03                        0.00            0.03



             Other items (a)                                                                               0.04                    0.02                        0.07            0.05



             Tax effect of above items                                                                   (0.08)                 (0.14)                     (0.17)         (0.23)



             Discrete tax benefit/(provision)                                                              0.01                                               0.01




             
                Adjusted earnings per share                                       $
     
               0.53            $
     
        0.47               $
     
         0.88  $
     
          0.87



              (a)                 Other items primarily consist
                                    of business optimization
                                    costs, including strategic
                                    review costs, and transaction
                                    related costs for the three
                                    and six months ended June 30,
                                    2019. For the three months
                                    ended June 30, 2018, other
                                    items primarily consist of
                                    transaction related costs.
                                    For the six months ended June
                                    30, 2018, other items
                                    primarily consist of
                                    transaction related costs and
                                    business optimization costs.

Free Cash Flow

We define free cash flow as net cash provided by operating activities, plus contributions to the Nielsen Foundation, less capital expenditures, net. We believe providing free cash flow information provides valuable supplemental liquidity information regarding the cash flow that may be available for discretionary use by us in areas such as the distributions of dividends, repurchase of common stock, voluntary repayment of debt obligations or to fund our strategic initiatives, including acquisitions, if any. However, free cash flow does not represent residual cash flows entirely available for discretionary purposes; for example, the repayment of principal amounts borrowed is not deducted from free cash flow. Key limitations of the free cash flow measure include the assumptions that we will be able to refinance our existing debt when it matures and meet other cash flow obligations from financing activities, such as principal payments on debt. Free cash flow is not a presentation made in accordance with GAAP. The following table presents reconciliation from net cash provided by operating activities to free cash flow:


                                                                  Three Months Ended                      Six Months Ended
                                                         June 30,                             June 30,
                                                       (Unaudited)                           (Unaudited)



       
                (IN MILLIONS)                2019                               2018                2019                      2018

    ---


       Net cash provided by operating activities      $
              226                    $
         242                        $
         183     $
          125



       Less: Capital expenditures, net                          (108)                        (118)                            (230)          (246)




       Free cash flow                                 $
              118                    $
         124                       $
         (47)  $
          (121)

Net Debt and Net Debt Leverage Ratio

The net debt leverage ratio is defined as net debt (gross debt less cash and cash equivalents) as of the balance sheet date divided by Adjusted EBITDA for the twelve months then ended. Net debt and the net debt leverage ratio are commonly used metrics to evaluate and compare leverage between companies and are not presentations made in accordance with GAAP. The calculation of net debt and the net debt leverage ratio as of June 30, 2019 is as follows:



     
                (IN MILLIONS) (Unaudited)


      Gross debt as of June 30, 2019                      $
      8,645


      Less: Cash and cash equivalents as
       of June 30, 2019                                       (393)



                   Net debt as of June 30, 2019       $
     
        8,252




      Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended
       December 31, 2018                                  $
      1,850


      Less: Adjusted EBITDA for the six
       months ended June 30, 2018                               891


      Add: Adjusted EBITDA for the six
       months ended June 30, 2019                               885



                   Adjusted EBITDA for the twelve
                    months ended June 30, 2019        $
     
        1,844




                   Net debt leverage ratio as of June
                    30, 2019                                 4.48x

View original content:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/nielsen-reports-2nd-quarter-2019-results-300893701.html

SOURCE Nielsen Holdings plc