Continental Resources Reports Third Quarter 2018 Results
OKLAHOMA CITY, Oct. 29, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- Continental Resources, Inc. (NYSE: CLR) (the Company) today announced third quarter operating and financial results. The Company reported net income of $314.2 million, or $0.84 per diluted share, for the quarter ended September 30, 2018. The Company's net income includes certain items typically excluded by the investment community in published estimates, the result of which is referred to as "adjusted net income." In third quarter 2018, these typically excluded items in aggregate represented $22.8 million, or $0.06 per diluted share, of Continental's reported net income. Adjusted net income for third quarter 2018 was $337.0 million, or $0.90 per diluted share.
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Net cash provided by operating activities for third quarter 2018 was $860.7 million. EBITDAX for third quarter 2018 was $1.0 billion. Definitions and reconciliations of adjusted net income, adjusted net income per share, free cash flow, EBITDAX, net debt, net sales prices and cash general and administrative (G&A) expenses per barrel of oil equivalent (Boe) presented herein to the most directly comparable U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) financial measures are provided in the supporting tables at the conclusion of this press release.
The Company's third quarter 2018 crude oil differential was $3.72 per barrel below the NYMEX daily average for the period, an improvement of $1.26 per barrel compared to third quarter 2017 due to strong Gulf Coast pricing, strong seasonal demand and lower Cushing inventories. The realized wellhead natural gas price for third quarter 2018 was a premium of $0.22 per Mcf compared to the average NYMEX Henry Hub benchmark price.
"With up to 70 of our forecasted 2018 Bakken wells and up to 18 SpringBoard wells scheduled to be completed by year end, Continental anticipates a strong wave of oil-weighted production growth as we approach year end," said Harold Hamm, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. "Thanks to the quality of our oil assets, the ingenuity of our teams, and the positive tailwind provided by our unhedged oil portfolio, Continental's strategic move to optimize capital-efficient, oil-weighted growth is enhancing shareholder value."
$215 Million in Proceeds Received in October from Minerals Venture Closing
On October 23, 2018, the Company closed its strategic minerals agreement with Franco-Nevada. The Company received approximately $215 million in net proceeds at closing, which offset previously incurred Capex for acquired minerals. Moving forward, the minerals relationship will capitalize on the Company's land and exploration expertise and will focus predominantly on acquiring minerals under the Company's drill plan. To grow the minerals portfolio, Franco-Nevada has committed up to $300 million over the next three years, while the Company has committed up to $75 million (or 20% of the total investment) over the next three years, subject to achieving agreed upon development thresholds. With a carry structure in place, the Company will earn 25-50% of total revenue from the minerals venture, based on achieving certain predetermined targets.
Production Update
Third quarter 2018 production totaled 27.3 million barrels of oil equivalent (Boe), or 296,904 Boe per day, up 22% from third quarter 2017. Total production for third quarter included 164,605 barrels of oil (Bo) per day, as well as 793.8 million cubic feet (MMcf) of natural gas per day. The following table provides the Company's average daily production by region for the periods presented.
3Q 2Q 3Q YTD YTD Boe per day 2018 2018 2017 2018 2017 --- North Region: North Dakota Bakken 161,008 151,805 129,582 155,796 114,435 Montana Bakken 6,635 6,314 7,269 6,600 7,569 Red River Units 8,989 8,404 9,536 8,909 9,832 Other 26 258 449 232 422 South Region: SCOOP 63,270 64,786 57,283 63,360 60,171 STACK 56,129 51,722 35,619 53,733 32,280 Arkoma(1) 8 9 1,722 6 1,755 Other 839 761 1,328 856 1,228 Total 296,904 284,059 242,788 289,492 227,692
(1) Producing properties comprising approximately 1,700 Boe per day of the Company's Arkoma production were sold in September 2017.
Bakken: 167,643 Boepd Average Daily 3Q18 Production; up 23% over 3Q17
The Company's Bakken production hit an all-time quarterly record, averaging 167,643 Boe per day in third quarter 2018, up 23% versus third quarter 2017. During the quarter, the Company completed 42 gross (26 net) operated wells flowing at an average initial 24-hour rate of 2,013 Boe per day. Two of the wells ranked as top ten 30-day rate Bakken wells for the Company, including the Wiley 8-25H (2,289 Boe per day) and Mountain Gap 3-10H (2,094 Boe per day). All Company top ten 30-day rate Bakken wells have been completed in the past twelve months.
The Company currently has 8 rigs drilling in the Bakken, up 2 rigs from last quarter to facilitate continued oil growth in 2019. In fourth quarter 2018, production is expected to ramp significantly with up to 70 wells forecasted to be completed by year end 2018.
"The performance and returns from the Bakken have been exceptional," said Jack Stark, President. "Our entire 2017 Bakken program, which included 133 operated wells, paid out by the end of third quarter 2018. Now that's capital efficiency."
STACK: 3 Meramec Units Flow at Combined Initial Rate of 74,260 Boepd (24-Hr. IP)
The Company's STACK production increased 58% to 56,129 Boe per day in third quarter 2018, compared to third quarter 2017. During the quarter, the Company completed 15 gross (7 net) operated wells with first production. The Company currently has 5 operated drilling rigs in STACK.
The Company recently completed three outstanding Meramec units in the over-pressured oil and condensate windows of STACK. All three units were developed with the equivalent of six, two-mile wells. In the oil window, the Jalou unit flowed at a combined initial 24-hour rate of 25,404 Boe per day, averaging 2,470 Bo per day per well and 10,587 Mcf per day per well. At an average 24-hour rate of 4,234 Boe per day, the Jalou wells set an industry record for fully developed units in the STACK over-pressured oil window. Additionally in the oil window, the Homsey unit flowed at a combined initial 24-hour rate of 21,127 Boe per day, averaging 2,071 Bo per day per well and 8,701 Mcf per day per well. In the condensate window, the Simba unit flowed at a combined initial 24-hour rate of 27,729 Boe per day, averaging 621 Bo per day per well and 24,001 Mcf per day per well.
"The outstanding results from these units confirm both our unit development model and the exceptional quality of our Meramec reservoirs, which are some of the thickest and most over-pressured in STACK," said Tony Barrett, Vice President, Exploration. "These results demonstrate the potential of our operated STACK inventory with up to 65 units remaining to develop in the oil and condensate windows."
The following table provides the average initial 24-hour rates per well for recent STACK units:
Unit 2-Mi Equiv. Wells Bopd per Well Mcfpd per Well Boepd per Well per Unit --- Jalou 6 2,470 10,587 4,234 --- Homsey 6 2,071 8,701 3,521 --- Simba 6 621 24,001 4,622 ---
SCOOP: Project SpringBoard Proceeding on Schedule with 14 Rigs Drilling
The Company's SCOOP production averaged 63,270 Boe per day in third quarter 2018, up 10% versus third quarter 2017. The Company's SCOOP crude oil production in third quarter 2018 increased 33% over third quarter 2017. The Company completed 9 gross (7 net) operated wells with first production in third quarter 2018. The Company currently has 16 operated drilling rigs in SCOOP, ramping up to 18 by year end.
Project SpringBoard is proceeding on schedule with 14 rigs drilling, 8 of which are targeting the Springer reservoir and 6 of which are targeting the Woodford and Sycamore reservoirs. In the Springer, the Company has finished drilling 17 of the 18 wells planned for row 1 and has begun drilling row 2. Of the 17 Springer wells drilled, 9 are flowing-back and 8 are in various stages of completions. In the Woodford and Sycamore, the Company has finished drilling 9 wells to date.
"Project SpringBoard is a massive oil project where we are concurrently developing three reservoirs," said Gary Gould, Senior Vice President of Production & Resource Development. "As expected, we are already realizing operational efficiencies that will translate to significant additional value for our shareholders."
Financial Update
"Continental's strong third quarter and early fourth quarter results reflect our strategic decision to focus operations on oil-weighted production growth," said John Hart, Chief Financial Officer. "Continental is poised to deliver a strong exit rate, increase our oil production growth and continue to use significant free cash flow to further reduce debt toward our long-term target of $5 billion or below."
As of September 30, 2018, the Company's balance sheet included approximately $13 million in cash and cash equivalents and $5.96 billion in total debt. On September 30, 2018, net debt (non-GAAP) was $5.94 billion. Net debt is projected to be between $5.4 and $5.6 billion at year end 2018, driven by strong cash flow. The Company's third quarter annualized net-debt-to-EBITDAX ratio was 1.49x and has now reached levels seen prior to the three-year commodity down cycle.
In third quarter 2018, the Company's average net sales price excluding the effects of derivative positions was $65.78 per barrel of oil and $3.12 per Mcf of gas, or $44.85 per Boe. The Company remains unhedged on oil. Production expense per Boe was $3.77 for third quarter 2018.
Non-acquisition capital expenditures for third quarter 2018 totaled approximately $790.8 million, including $633.5 million in exploration and development drilling, $105.5 million in leasehold, and $51.8 million in workovers, recompletions and other. Non-acquisition capital expenditures for third quarter were slightly higher than projected due to timing of completions that will see first production in fourth quarter 2018 or in 2019.
The following table provides the Company's production results, per-unit operating costs, results of operations and certain non-GAAP financial measures for the periods presented. Average net sales prices exclude any effect of derivative transactions. Per-unit expenses have been calculated using sales volumes.
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2018 2017 2018 2017 Average daily production: Crude oil (Bbl per day) 164,605 140,611 161,856 128,476 Natural gas (Mcf per day) 793,793 613,060 765,821 595,294 Crude oil equivalents (Boe per day) 296,904 242,788 289,492 227,692 Average net sales prices (non-GAAP), excluding effect from derivatives: (1) Crude oil ($/Bbl) $65.78 $43.27 $62.73 $43.26 Natural gas ($/Mcf) $3.12 $2.74 $2.92 $2.78 Crude oil equivalents ($/Boe) $44.85 $31.86 $42.80 $31.67 Production expenses ($/Boe) $3.77 $3.82 $3.62 $3.86 Production taxes (% of net crude oil and gas sales) 8.0% 7.3% 7.8% 6.8% DD&A ($/Boe) $17.15 $19.00 $17.35 $19.31 Total general and administrative expenses ($/Boe) (2) $1.61 $1.99 $1.70 $2.10 Net income (loss) (in thousands) $314,169 $10,621 $790,580 ($52,467) Diluted net income (loss) per share $0.84 $0.03 $2.11 ($0.14) Adjusted net income (non-GAAP) (in thousands) (1) $337,017 $32,162 $865,033 $37,142 Adjusted diluted net income per share (non-GAAP) (1) $0.90 $0.09 $2.31 $0.10 Net cash provided by operating activities (in thousands) $860,748 $431,409 $2,500,741 $1,347,981 EBITDAX (non-GAAP) (in thousands) (1) $999,882 $563,767 $2,772,733 $1,525,730
(1) Net sales prices, adjusted net income, adjusted diluted net income per share, and EBITDAX represent non-GAAP financial measures. Further information about these non-GAAP financial measures as well as reconciliations to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures are provided subsequently under the header Non- GAAP Financial Measures. (2) Total general and administrative expense is comprised of cash general and administrative expense and non- cash equity compensation expense. Cash general and administrative expense per Boe was $1.18, $1.45, $1.28, and $1.58 for 3Q 2018, 3Q 2017, YTD 2018 and YTD 2017, respectively. Non-cash equity compensation expense per Boe was $0.43, $0.54, $0.42, and $0.52 for 3Q 2018, 3Q 2017, YTD 2018 and YTD 2017, respectively.
Third Quarter Earnings Conference Call
Continental plans to host a conference call to discuss third quarter results on Tuesday, October 30, 2018, at 12 p.m. ET (11 a.m. CT). Those wishing to listen to the conference call may do so via the Company's website at www.CLR.com or by phone:
Time and date: 12 p.m. ET, Tuesday, October 30, 2018 Dial in: 844-309-6572 Intl. dial in: 484-747-6921 Pass code: 3745129
A replay of the call will be available for 14 days on the Company's website or by dialing:
Replay number: 855-859-2056 or 404-537-3406 Intl. replay: 800-585-8367 Pass code: 3745129
Continental plans to publish a third quarter 2018 summary presentation to its website at www.CLR.com prior to the start of its earnings conference call on October 30, 2018.
Upcoming Conferences
Members of Continental's management team expect to participate in the following investment conference:
November 14-15, 2018 Bank of America Global Energy Conference - Miami, Florida
Presentation materials for the conference mentioned above will be available on the Company's web site at www.CLR.com prior to the start of the Company's presentation at such conference.
About Continental Resources
Continental Resources (NYSE: CLR) is a top 10 independent oil producer in the U.S. Lower 48 and a leader in America's energy renaissance. Based in Oklahoma City, Continental is the largest leaseholder and the largest producer in the nation's premier oil field, the Bakken play of North Dakota and Montana. The Company also has significant positions in Oklahoma, including its SCOOP Woodford and SCOOP Springer discoveries and the STACK plays. With a focus on the exploration and production of oil, Continental has unlocked the technology and resources vital to American energy independence and our nation's leadership in the new world oil market. In 2018, the Company will celebrate 51 years of operations. For more information, please visit www.CLR.com.
Cautionary Statement for the Purpose of the "Safe Harbor" Provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995
This press release includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements included in this press release other than statements of historical fact, including, but not limited to, forecasts or expectations regarding the Company's business and statements or information concerning the Company's future operations, performance, financial condition, production and reserves, schedules, plans, timing of development, rates of return, budgets, costs, business strategy, objectives, and cash flows are forward-looking statements. When used in this press release, the words "could," "may," "believe," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "expect," "project," "budget," "plan," "continue," "potential," "guidance," "strategy," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words.
Forward-looking statements are based on the Company's current expectations and assumptions about future events and currently available information as to the outcome and timing of future events. Although the Company believes these assumptions and expectations are reasonable, they are inherently subject to numerous business, economic, competitive, regulatory and other risks and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the Company's control. No assurance can be given that such expectations will be correct or achieved or that the assumptions are accurate. The risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, commodity price volatility; the geographic concentration of our operations; financial market and economic volatility; the inability to access needed capital; the risks and potential liabilities inherent in crude oil and natural gas drilling and production and the availability of insurance to cover any losses resulting therefrom; difficulties in estimating proved reserves and other reserves-based measures; declines in the values of our crude oil and natural gas properties resulting in impairment charges; our ability to replace proved reserves and sustain production; the availability or cost of equipment and oilfield services; leasehold terms expiring on undeveloped acreage before production can be established; our ability to project future production, achieve targeted results in drilling and well operations and predict the amount and timing of development expenditures; the availability and cost of transportation, processing and refining facilities; legislative and regulatory changes adversely affecting our industry and our business, including initiatives related to hydraulic fracturing; increased market and industry competition, including from alternative fuels and other energy sources; and the other risks described under Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors and elsewhere in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, registration statements and other reports filed from time to time with the SEC, and other announcements the Company makes from time to time.
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which such statement is made. Should one or more of the risks or uncertainties described in this press release occur, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, the Company's actual results and plans could differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. Except as otherwise required by applicable law, the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly correct or update any forward-looking statement whether as a result of new information, future events or circumstances after the date of this report, or otherwise.
Readers are cautioned that initial production rates are subject to decline over time and should not be regarded as reflective of sustained production levels. In particular, production from horizontal drilling in shale oil and natural gas resource plays and tight natural gas plays that are stimulated with extensive pressure fracturing are typically characterized by significant early declines in production rates.
We use the term "EUR" or "estimated ultimate recovery" to describe potentially recoverable oil and natural gas hydrocarbon quantities. We include these estimates to demonstrate what we believe to be the potential for future drilling and production on our properties. These estimates are by their nature much more speculative than estimates of proved reserves and require substantial capital spending to implement recovery. Actual locations drilled and quantities that may be ultimately recovered from our properties will differ substantially. EUR data included herein remain subject to change as more well data is analyzed.
Investor Contact: Media Contact: Rory Sabino Kristin Thomas Vice President, Investor Relations Senior Vice President, Public Relations 405-234-9620 405-234-9480 Rory.Sabino@CLR.com Kristin.Thomas@CLR.com Lucy Guttenberger Senior Investor Relations Associate 405-774-5878 Lucy.Guttenberger@CLR.com
Continental Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, --- 2018 2017 2018 2017 --- Revenues: In thousands, except per share data Crude oil and natural gas sales $1,273,238 $704,818 $3,524,618 $1,965,216 Gain (loss) on natural gas derivatives, net (2,025) 8,602 (4,536) 83,482 Crude oil and natural gas service operations 10,938 13,323 40,210 24,959 --- Total revenues 1,282,151 726,743 3,560,292 2,073,657 Operating costs and expenses: Production expenses 103,032 84,514 286,165 239,842 Production taxes 98,572 51,264 262,747 134,462 Transportation expenses 46,008 142,559 - Exploration expenses 2,324 1,389 4,347 9,591 Crude oil and natural gas service operations 5,163 3,349 17,434 10,664 Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion 469,333 420,243 1,370,912 1,198,169 Property impairments 23,770 35,130 86,715 209,819 General and administrative expenses 44,151 44,006 134,368 130,413 Net (gain) loss on sale of assets and other (1,510) (4,905) (8,261) 764 --- Total operating costs and expenses 790,843 634,990 2,296,986 1,933,724 --- Income from operations 491,308 91,753 1,263,306 139,933 Other income (expense): Interest expense (73,409) (74,756) (223,590) (218,672) Loss on extinguishment of debt (7,133) (7,133) - Other 869 394 2,231 1,209 (79,673) (74,362) (228,492) (217,463) --- Income (loss) before income taxes 411,635 17,391 1,034,814 (77,530) (Provision) benefit for income taxes (97,466) (6,770) (244,234) 25,063 --- Net income (loss) $314,169 $10,621 $790,580 $(52,467) Basic net income (loss) per share $0.84 $0.03 $2.13 $(0.14) Diluted net income (loss) per share $0.84 $0.03 $2.11 $(0.14)
Continental Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 --- Assets In thousands Cash and cash equivalents $ 12,896 $ 43,902 Other current assets 1,356,241 1,207,823 Net property and equipment (1) 13,644,538 12,933,789 Other noncurrent assets 17,385 14,137 Total assets $ 15,031,060 $ 14,199,651 --- Liabilities and shareholders' equity Current liabilities $ 1,490,449 $ 1,330,242 Long-term debt, net of current portion 5,955,326 6,351,405 Other noncurrent liabilities 1,646,475 1,386,801 Total shareholders' equity 5,938,810 5,131,203 Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 15,031,060 $ 14,199,651 ---
(1) Balance is net of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of $10.33 billion and $9.08 billion as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.
Continental Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, In thousands 2018 2017 2018 2017 --- Net income (loss) $ 314,169 $ 10,621 $ 790,580 $ (52,467) Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: Non-cash expenses 619,284 480,718 1,764,566 1,358,639 Changes in assets and liabilities (72,705) (59,930) (54,405) 41,809 Net cash provided by operating activities 860,748 431,409 2,500,741 1,347,981 Net cash used in investing activities (759,880) (494,934) (2,103,483) (1,374,254) Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (217,976) 57,080 (428,253) 20,361 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 15 20 (11) 34 Net change in cash and cash equivalents (117,093) (6,425) (31,006) (5,878) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 129,989 17,190 43,902 16,643 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 12,896 $ 10,765 $ 12,896 $ 10,765
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted earnings (net income/loss) and adjusted earnings (net income/loss) per share
Our presentation of adjusted earnings and adjusted earnings per share that exclude the effect of certain items are non-GAAP financial measures. Adjusted earnings and adjusted earnings per share represent earnings and diluted earnings per share determined under U.S. GAAP without regard to non-cash gains and losses on derivative instruments, property impairments, gains and losses on asset sales, and losses on extinguishment of debt as applicable. Management believes these measures provide useful information to analysts and investors for analysis of our operating results. In addition, management believes these measures are used by analysts and others in valuation, comparison and investment recommendations of companies in the oil and gas industry to allow for analysis without regard to an entity's specific derivative portfolio, impairment methodologies, and property dispositions. Adjusted earnings and adjusted earnings per share should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, earnings or diluted earnings per share as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP and may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. The following table reconciles earnings and diluted earnings per share as determined under U.S. GAAP to adjusted earnings and adjusted diluted earnings per share for the periods presented.
Three months ended September 30, 2018 2017 In thousands, except per share data $ Diluted EPS $ Diluted EPS --- Net income (GAAP) $314,169 $0.84 $10,621 $0.03 Adjustments: Non-cash loss on derivatives 548 2,939 Property impairments 23,770 35,130 Gain on sale of assets (1,510) (3,562) Loss on extinguishment of debt 7,133 Total tax effect of adjustments (1) (7,093) (12,966) Total adjustments, net of tax 22,848 0.06 21,541 0.06 Adjusted net income (non-GAAP) $337,017 $0.90 $32,162 $0.09 Weighted average diluted shares outstanding 374,623 373,015 Adjusted diluted net income per share (non-GAAP) $0.90 $0.09 Nine months ended September 30, 2018 2017 In thousands, except per share data $ Diluted EPS $ Diluted EPS --- Net income (loss) (GAAP) $790,580 $2.11 $(52,467) $(0.14) Adjustments: Non-cash (gain) loss on derivatives 12,013 (65,481) Property impairments 86,715 209,819 Gain on sale of assets (8,261) (703) Loss on extinguishment of debt 7,133 Total tax effect of adjustments (1) (23,147) (54,026) Total adjustments, net of tax 74,453 0.20 89,609 0.24 Adjusted net income (non-GAAP) $865,033 $2.31 $37,142 $0.10 Weighted average diluted shares outstanding 374,762 373,588 Adjusted diluted net income per share (non-GAAP) $2.31 $0.10
(1) Computed by applying a combined federal and state statutory tax rate of 24% in effect for 2018 and 38% in effect for 2017 to the pre- tax amount of adjustments associated with our operations in the United States.
Net debt
Net debt is a non-GAAP measure. We define net debt as total debt less cash and cash equivalents as determined under U.S. GAAP. Net debt should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, the comparable GAAP measure. Management uses net debt to determine the Company's outstanding debt obligations that would not be readily satisfied by its cash and cash equivalents on hand. We believe this metric is useful to analysts and investors in determining the Company's leverage position since the Company has the ability to, and may decide to, use a portion of its cash and cash equivalents to reduce debt. This metric is sometimes presented as a ratio with EBITDAX in order to provide investors with another means of evaluating the Company's ability to service its existing debt obligations as well as any future increase in the amount of such obligations. At September 30, 2018, the Company's net debt amounted to $5.94 billion, representing total debt of $5.96 billion less cash and cash equivalents of $13 million. From time to time the Company provides forward-looking net debt forecasts; however, the Company is unable to provide a quantitative reconciliation of the forward-looking non-GAAP measure to its most directly comparable forward-looking GAAP measure because management cannot reliably quantify certain of the necessary components of such forward-looking GAAP measure. The reconciling items in future periods could be significant.
EBITDAX
We use a variety of financial and operational measures to assess our performance. Among these measures is EBITDAX. We define EBITDAX as earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion, property impairments, exploration expenses, non-cash gains and losses resulting from the requirements of accounting for derivatives, non-cash equity compensation expense, and losses on extinguishment of debt as applicable. EBITDAX is not a measure of net income or net cash provided by operating activities as determined by U.S. GAAP.
Management believes EBITDAX is useful because it allows us to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and compare the results of our operations from period to period without regard to our financing methods or capital structure. Further, we believe EBITDAX is a widely followed measure of operating performance and may also be used by investors to measure our ability to meet future debt service requirements, if any. We exclude the items listed above from net income/loss and net cash provided by operating activities in arriving at EBITDAX because these amounts can vary substantially from company to company within our industry depending upon accounting methods and book values of assets, capital structures and the method by which the assets were acquired.
EBITDAX should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income/loss or net cash provided by operating activities as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP or as an indicator of a company's operating performance or liquidity. Certain items excluded from EBITDAX are significant components in understanding and assessing a company's financial performance, such as a company's cost of capital and tax structure, as well as the historic costs of depreciable assets, none of which are components of EBITDAX. Our computations of EBITDAX may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies.
The following table provides a reconciliation of our net income to EBITDAX for the periods presented.
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, In thousands 2018 2017 2018 2017 --- Net income (loss) $ 314,169 $ 10,621 $ 790,580 $ (52,467) Interest expense 73,409 74,756 223,590 218,672 Provision (benefit) for income taxes 97,466 6,770 244,234 (25,063) Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion 469,333 420,243 1,370,912 1,198,169 Property impairments 23,770 35,130 86,715 209,819 Exploration expenses 2,324 1,389 4,347 9,591 Impact from derivative instruments: Total (gain) loss on derivatives, net 2,025 (9,945) 4,536 (82,015) Total cash (paid) received on derivatives, net (1,477) 12,884 7,477 16,534 Non-cash (gain) loss on derivatives, net 548 2,939 12,013 (65,481) Non-cash equity compensation 11,730 11,919 33,209 32,490 Loss on extinguishment of debt 7,133 7,133 EBITDAX (non-GAAP) $ 999,882 $ 563,767 $ 2,772,733 $ 1,525,730
The following table provides a reconciliation of our net cash provided by operating activities to EBITDAX for the periods presented.
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, In thousands 2018 2017 2018 2017 --- Net cash provided by operating activities $ 860,748 $ 431,409 $ 2,500,741 $ 1,347,981 Current income tax provision (benefit) (7,778) (1) (7,778) Interest expense 73,409 74,756 223,590 218,672 Exploration expenses, excluding dry hole costs 2,324 1,389 4,346 9,434 Gain on sale of assets, net 1,510 3,562 8,261 703 Other, net (3,036) (7,278) (10,832) (9,251) Changes in assets and liabilities 72,705 59,930 54,405 (41,809) EBITDAX (non- GAAP) $ 999,882 $ 563,767 $ 2,772,733 $ 1,525,730
Free cash flow
Our presentation of free cash flow is a non-GAAP measure. We define free cash flow as cash flows from operations before changes in working capital items less capital expenditures, excluding acquisitions, plus non-controlling interest capital contributions, less distributions to non-controlling interests. The inclusion of non-controlling interest capital contributions and distributions, expected to begin in the fourth quarter of 2018, is related to our newly formed relationship with Franco-Nevada to fund a portion of certain mineral acquisitions which are included in our capital expenditures and operating results. Free cash flow is not a measure of net income or cash flows as determined by U.S. GAAP and should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, the comparable GAAP measure. Management believes that these measures are useful to management and investors as a measure of a company's ability to internally fund its capital expenditures and to service or incur additional debt. These measures eliminate the impact of certain items that management does not consider to be indicative of the Company's performance from period to period. From time to time the Company provides forward-looking free cash flow estimates; however, the Company is unable to provide a quantitative reconciliation of the forward-looking non-GAAP measure to its most directly comparable forward-looking GAAP measure because management cannot reliably quantify certain of the necessary components of such forward-looking GAAP measure. The reconciling items in future periods could be significant.
Net sales prices
On January 1, 2018, we adopted Accounting Standards Update 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), which impacted the presentation of our crude oil and natural gas revenues. We adopted the new rules using a modified retrospective transition approach whereby changes have been applied only to the most current period presented and prior period results have not been adjusted to conform to current presentation.
Under the new rules, revenues and transportation expenses associated with production from our operated properties are now reported on a gross basis compared to net presentation in the prior year. For non-operated properties, we receive a net payment from the operator for our share of sales proceeds which is net of costs incurred by the operator, if any. Such non-operated revenues are recognized at the net amount of proceeds received, consistent with our historical practice. As a result, beginning January 1, 2018 the gross presentation of revenues from our operated properties differs from the net presentation of revenues from non-operated properties. This impacts the comparability of certain operating metrics, such as per-unit sales prices, when such metrics are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP using gross presentation for some revenues and net presentation for others.
In order to provide metrics prepared in a manner consistent with how management assesses the Company's operating results, and to achieve comparability with prior period metrics for analysis purposes, we may present crude oil and natural gas sales net of transportation expenses, which we refer to as "net crude oil and natural gas sales," a non-GAAP measure. Average sales prices calculated using net crude oil and natural gas sales are referred to as "net sales prices," a non-GAAP measure, and are calculated by taking revenues less transportation expenses divided by sales volumes, whether for crude oil or natural gas, as applicable. Management believes presenting our revenues and sales prices net of transportation expenses is useful because it normalizes the presentation differences between operated and non-operated revenues and allows for a useful comparison of net realized prices to NYMEX benchmark prices on a Company-wide basis.
The following table presents a reconciliation of crude oil and natural gas sales (GAAP) to net crude oil and natural gas sales and related net sales prices (non-GAAP) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. Information is also presented for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 for comparative purposes.
Three months ended September 30, 2018 Three months ended September 30, 2017 In thousands Crude oil Natural gas Total Crude oil Natural gas Total --- Crude oil and natural gas sales (GAAP) $1,038,558 $234,680 $1,273,238 $550,451 $154,367 $704,818 Less: Transportation expenses (39,336) (6,672) (46,008) Net crude oil and natural gas sales (non-GAAP for 2018) $999,222 $228,008 $1,227,230 $550,451 $154,367 $704,818 Sales volumes (MBbl/MMcf/ MBoe) 15,190 73,029 27,361 12,722 56,401 22,123 Net sales price (non-GAAP for 2018) $65.78 $3.12 $44.85 $43.27 $2.74 $31.86 Nine months ended September 30, 2018 Nine months ended September 30, 2017 In thousands Crude oil Natural gas Total Crude oil Natural gas Total --- Crude oil and natural gas sales (GAAP) $2,891,722 $632,896 $3,524,618 $1,512,990 $452,226 $1,965,216 Less: Transportation expenses (119,939) (22,620) (142,559) Net crude oil and natural gas sales (non-GAAP for 2018) $2,771,783 $610,276 $3,382,059 $1,512,990 $452,226 $1,965,216 Sales volumes (MBbl/MMcf/ MBoe) 44,183 209,069 79,028 34,975 162,515 62,061 Net sales price (non-GAAP for 2018) $62.73 $2.92 $42.80 $43.26 $2.78 $31.67
Cash general and administrative expenses per Boe
Our presentation of cash general and administrative ("G&A") expenses per Boe is a non-GAAP measure. We define cash G&A per Boe as total G&A determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP less non-cash equity compensation expenses, expressed on a per-Boe basis. We report and provide guidance on cash G&A per Boe because we believe this measure is commonly used by management, analysts and investors as an indicator of cost management and operating efficiency on a comparable basis from period to period. In addition, management believes cash G&A per Boe is used by analysts and others in valuation, comparison and investment recommendations of companies in the oil and gas industry to allow for analysis of G&A spend without regard to stock-based compensation programs which can vary substantially from company to company. Cash G&A per Boe should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, total G&A per Boe as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP and may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies.
Continental Resources, Inc. 2018 Guidance As of October 29, 2018 2018 Full-year average production 290,000 to 300,000 Boe per day Exit-rate average production 315,000 to 325,000 Boe per day Capital expenditures budget (non-acquisition) $2.7 billion Operating Expenses: --- Production expense per Boe $3.50 to $3.75 (updated(1)) Production tax (% of net oil & gas revenue) 7.6% to 8.0% Cash G&A expense per Boe(2) $1.20 to $1.65 Non-cash equity compensation per Boe $0.40 to $0.50 DD&A per Boe $17.00 to $18.00 Average Price Differentials: --- NYMEX WTI crude oil (per barrel of oil) ($3.50) to ($4.50) Henry Hub natural gas (per Mcf) $0.00 to +$0.50
(1) Updated from a prior guidance range of $3.00 to $3.50. (2) Cash G&A is a non-GAAP measure and excludes the range of values shown for non-cash equity compensation per Boe in the item appearing immediately below. Guidance for total G&A (cash and non-cash) is an expected range of $1.60 to $2.15 per Boe.
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SOURCE Continental Resources