Drug Studied at Karmanos Cancer Institute Enters Clinical Trials for Treatment of COVID-19
DETROIT, April 17, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- An oral therapy that has been studied in laboratory experiments and clinical trials at the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, in partnership with Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc., will soon enter clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19 and related viruses. The oral drug, selinexor (marketed as XPOVIO(®)), is currently approved at higher doses by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a treatment for cancer patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Asfar Azmi, Ph.D., assistant professor, co-leader, Tumor Biology and Microenvironment Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University School of Medicine and director of pancreas cancer research initiatives led the Karmanos team that helped developed the drug.
Clinical trials exploring the use of selinexor in treating COVID-19 will soon be underway at 40 locations internationally, including Karmanos Cancer Institute. The study is expected to launch within five weeks or less. Eligible participants must meet set criteria, which include confirmed laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV2, hospitalization with symptoms of severe infection, and consent to participate within the first 48 hours of hospitalization.
"The fascinating thing about this trial is that we are able to apply information learned about the drug's effect on tumor cell biology to the treatment of deadly viral infections using lower doses of the drug than we typically use to treat cancer," said Jeffrey Zonder, M.D., who will be the Principle Investigator (PI) for the upcoming trial at Karmanos. Zonder was also the PI for several previous trials studying the drug in multiple myeloma and a co-investigator on laboratory work and a clinical trial using the drug to treat Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
About Selinexor
Selinexor and related compounds can disrupt the movement of viral accessory proteins thereby blocking the replication of multiple viruses in vitro and in vivo. These drugs have also been shown to mediate anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects, including suppression of respiratory infections in several animal models. Earlier studies showed that nuclear export inhibitors, such as selinexor could retain SARS and MERS virus accessory proteins in the nucleus of host cells thereby suppressing their virulence and pathogenicity. These findings have ushered the planned initiation of a global randomized clinical trial for low dose oral selinexor in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19.
Dr. Azmi explained how the drug may work in treating COVID-19 and other viruses.
"Proteins move between different compartments of the cell and their exact location is critical to their proper function," said Dr. Azmi. "Most of the genome surveillance and tumor suppressor proteins are exported out of the cell nucleus using an exporter called exportin 1 (XPO1). Every protein carries a barcode called nuclear export signal (NES) that is recognized by XPO1 causing the export of the cargo. XPO1 is hyperactivated in several pathologies including cancer and inflammation. This excessive XPO1 activity causes unusually high export and incorrect localization of tumor suppressors and genome surveillance proteins leading to their inactivation and tumor growth. Viruses that cause influenzas, H1N1 and SARs-COV2 similarly hijack the nuclear transport machinery. This makes XPO1 a vital component of viral replication and a valid therapeutic target."
"I am very proud that the work of our investigators is contributing to the fight against COVID-19. I congratulate the team in helping to develop a drug that is finding applications beyond cancer treatment," said Gerold Bepler, M.D., Ph.D., president and CEO of Karmanos Cancer Institute.
In addition to the work conducted by Dr. Azmi's team, several other Karmanos investigators contributed to the development of the drug. These clinical investigators include Anthony Shields, M.D., Ph.D.; Elisabeth Heath, M.D., FACP; Philip A. Philip, M.D., Ph.D., FRCP; Ammar Sukari, M.D.; Erlene Seymour, M.D.; and Jeffrey Zonder, M.D.
About the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute
Karmanos Cancer Institute is headquartered in Detroit, with 16 locations throughout Michigan. As part of McLaren, Karmanos is the largest cancer care and research network in the state. It is among the nation's best cancer centers as one of the National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer centers in the United States and the only one located in metro Detroit. Karmanos cancer experts focus solely on cancer to prevent, detect and treat as well as eradicate all forms of cancer. Its long-term partnership with the Wayne State University School of Medicine enhances the collaboration of critical research and academics related to cancer care. For more information, call 1-800-KARMANOS (800527-6266) or visit www.karmanos.org. Follow Karmanos on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.
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SOURCE Karmanos Cancer Institute
